Evaluation of accuracy in

titration of NaOH with H2SO4

The deadline – 6th December on Moodle.
Bring printed copy to the lecture on the same day
 Discussion

1. Explain how accuracy, precision and reliability were ensured during your experiments, and discuss any problems or
issues that occurred during performance of the experiments

2. Evaluate the accuracy of your own results, providing sound justification and reasoning, and comparing the
concentrations you have determined with actual (or published) concentrations and with those of other learners.
2. Propose improvements or alternatives to the procedures and techniques, providing a strong rationale why they
will improve accuracy, precision, reliability or validity.

These are only suggestions.

You must not just copy them in your report.
Think yourself what to say and how to explain all in own words.
Watch videos online

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rLc148UCT2w
 Discussion

1. Explain how accuracy, precision and reliability were ensured during your experiments, and discuss any problems or
issues that occurred during performance of the experiments

2. Evaluate the accuracy of your own results, providing sound justification and reasoning, and comparing the
concentrations you have determined with actual (or published) concentrations and with those of other learners.
2. Propose improvements or alternatives to the procedures and techniques, providing a strong rationale why they
will improve accuracy, precision, reliability or validity.

These are only suggestions.

You must not just copy them in your report.
Think yourself what to say and how to explain all in own words.
 Evaluate the accuracy of your own results

1. Calculate % error of the experiment.

2. Shortly comment on possible random and systematic errors, which could can have an effect on your
results.
3. Calculate uncertainties from each part of the experiment (See examples in the following slides).
4. Draw conclusion about accuracy of your results and about precision from your repeats (see calibration
and titration) and from the class results.

Example:
The obtained concentration of NaOH was …………. From combined uncertainties the range covered was
between …………………………… This result was close to the expected value within the limitations of random and
systematic errors.
 Shortly comment on possible random and systematic errors, which could can have an effect on your results.

Uncertainties

Systematic errors
Random errors
To do with tolerance of equipment, purity of
To do with accuracy of measuring: substance, temperature not 20◦C, end point
position of the meniscus, judging the depending on the indicator used…)
endpoint, any random variation in the
repeated results.
Calibrated balances and volumetric pipettes…..
Tried to reduce effects of external factors on balances by ….. Ensured accuracy of primary standard solution by …..
Repeated titration until concordant results were obtained …… Ensured homogeneity of solutions by …..
Read values by looking at the bottom of the meniscus at eye level…… Ensured purity of solutions …..
Used correct technique skill to deliver solutions from volumetric pipette and burette…. Used plastic pipettes and burettes, as some metal ions can adsorb to the glass walls.
In order to increase precision in judging the endpoint….
 Evaluate the accuracy of your own results

1. Calculate % error of the experiment. (Done in experimental worksheet)

2. Shortly comment on possible random and systematic errors, which could can have an effect on your
results.
3. Calculate uncertainties from each part of the experiment (See examples in the following slides).
4. Draw conclusion about accuracy and reliability of your results

Example:
The obtained concentration of NaOH was …………. From combined uncertainties the range covered was
between …………………………… This result was close to the expected value within the limitations of random and
systematic errors.
 Discussion

1. Explain how accuracy, precision and reliability were ensured during your experiments, and discuss any problems or
issues that occurred during performance of the experiments

2. Evaluate the accuracy of your own results, providing sound justification and reasoning, and comparing the
concentrations you have determined with actual (or published) concentrations and with those of other learners.
2. Propose improvements or alternatives to the procedures and techniques, providing a strong rationale why they
will improve accuracy, precision, reliability or validity.

These are only suggestions.

You must not just copy them in your report.
Think yourself what to say and how to explain all in own words.