HISTORY

PROJECT
2B
zGROUP:
-BRUNO, RODRIGUEZ RAFFO
-ALDO FACUNDO, CASTRO
-FRANCO, TESSARO
-IGNACIO, KANE
-URIEL, FRANCO BLANCO
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WHAT IS A CASTLE AND WHY WERE
THEY BUILT?
 Castles are huge buildings that were home of an
important person and a military fortification. They
were built to control a territory, allowing their
residents to attack and defend because it provided
protection from enemies, and a base to launch
attacks from. Although a castle had many military
uses, they were also centers of government,
courthouses and treasuries
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WHAT WERE THE DIFFERENT PART OF A
CASTLE?
 A Motte and Bailey Castle consisted of a keep, or fortified tower, located
on a raised hill called a motte, and next to it an enclosed courtyard
called Bailey. The motte would have to be surrounded by a ditch,
created by digging the soil. The bailey was surrounded by a wooden
fence called a palisade and then another ditch, the water from rivers or
lakes filled the ditch that was around the palisade that was called moat.
 Stone castles appeared, they were called Square Keep Castles, and
they were built on land with natural obstacles when possible, such as
on the edge of a cliff or on a peninsula. Those without such defenses
might be surrounded by a ditches or moats. Walls were the most
important thing of the square keep castles; they were of 7 meters long
and were thick and strong.
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HOW DID CASTLE BUILDING
CHANGE DURING THE MIDDLE AGES
 Castles were first made using wood to because it was very
cheap and quick build them like this, but they were easy to
burn and the wood would start to rot.
 They started to build them using stone after acknowledging
the disadvantages of wood, replacing most of the old wood
castles with stone castles too.
 Over time, builders started to try different building styles.
 Also, they changed castles only being used for military and
started using them for different roles like local government
and for powerful lords to display their power and money.
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HOW WERE CASTLES DEFENDED
 The castles most important part for defend was the curtain
wall, it was used to shoot arrows between each block
 Then the defenses develop
 Fighthing platforms were built (a Wall of Wood with
Windows to shoot arrows or throw stones) First they were
built of Wood and then of Stone
 Gateways also develop and change forms and windows
 They could have 2 walls for more protection and time to
react
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HOW WERE CASTLES ATTACKED
 Castles were atacked whit trebuchets, this could thorw stones to
break the walls or hit enemies
 They also could dig under the walls to get trough them beneath
the walls, by surprise
 Sometimes they throw arrows burn on fire and burn the houses or
burn some of the defences
 They use like a big shield like protection
To get trough the defences (that were
Throwing arrows) and break the walls or
Doors with pickaxes.
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WHO IS WHO IN A CASTLE
 Baron: he owned the castle and all the land around it, also he
owned the peasants. He had another castles in another parts of
the country. Spent his money on food, beautiful wall hangings,
gold and silver jewelry, and entertaining my friends.

 Baron´s wife: she looked after their children, with help from her
personal servants called as ladies-in-waiting. She could sew,
sang and played musical instruments, so she could impress her
husband.
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Steward: He was the responsible for all the servants, the
cooks, butlers, serving staff, gardeners, and even the
gong farmer

Gong farmer: His job was to clean out all the garderobes
or toilets.

Constable: His main focus was security. The safety of the

castle was his responsibility so he made sure the soldiers
controlled who or what comes in and out of this place. He
ran the whole castle when the lord was away.
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Marshall: He looked after the horses and carts, the
blacksmiths, stonemasons and carpenters.

Chamberlain: He looked after his lord and lady´s

rooms and all their belongings. Also looked after
their clothes and made sure the servants cleaned
them properly. He was trusted to look after all his
lord´s money and valuables. He made sure good
accounts were kept of all the taxes paid and every
penny spent.

Forgotten prisoner: His body stayed in a oubliette

for months until birds and maggots ate him until
only his bones were left.
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Servants: they were the ones who cooked,
cleaned, washed, served, tidied, fetched and
carried.

Jester: He was the one who told funny stories

and sang rude songs. He wore silly clothes.

Sheriff: His job was to arrest criminals, collect

taxes and made sure people kept the law. He
didn´t live in the castle.
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Knight: His main job was to protect his lord
for 40 days because the baron gave him
some land. He used men who lived on his
land as soldiers to help him. When the 40
days were over, another knight who lived
nearby would come and did his duty.

Soldier: Their job was to defend the castle

and protect the baron when he traveled
around.
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