Write an abstract

An abstract is a short summary of your (published or unpublished)

research paper, usually about a paragraph (c. 6-7 sentences, 150-250
words) long. A well-written abstract serves multiple purposes:

an abstract lets readers get essence of your paper or article quickly, in

order to decide whether to read the full paper;
an abstract prepares readers to follow the detailed information, analyses,
and arguments in your full paper;
and, later, an abstract helps readers remember key points from your
paper.

It’s also worth remembering that search engines and bibliographic

databases use abstracts, as well as the title, to identify key terms for
indexing your published paper. So what you include in your abstract and
in your title are crucial for helping other researchers find your paper or
article.
 Why Do We Write Abstracts?
Abstracts are important parts of academic assignments, most often, reports
and research papers. The abstract is the last item that you write but the first
one people read when they want to have a quick overview of the whole
paper.
We suggest you leave writing the abstract as your last section. Produce
your abstract when you have finished your paper because by then you will
have a clear picture of all your findings and conclusions.
What Is an Abstract For ?
A well written abtract gives new reader a clear, easly understood
summary of the main aspects of the research project. Readers will
usually read it first and they can decide if they wish to read the
project or not for their research
When We Should Write an Abstract

Although the abstract appears as the first part of your paper,

it should be written after you have completed your full paper.
It should be able to stand on its own as a summary of your
full paper, and someone who hasn’t read your paper or
related sources should be able to understand it
An effective abstract:
• Uses one well-developed paragraph that is coherent, concise and clear and
is able to stand alone as a unit of information

• Covers all the essential academic elements of the full-length paper, namely
the background, purpose, focus, methods, results and conclusions

• Contains no information not included in the paper

• Is written in plain English and is understandable to a wider audience as well

as to your discipline-specific audience

• Usually does not include any referencing

• In publications (such as journals) is at the beginning of the text

 How To Write Abstract?

1. Write your paper

Since the abstract is a summary of a research paper, the first step is
to write your paper. Even if you know what you will be including in
your paper, it's always best to save your abstract for the end so you
can accurately summarize the findings you describe in the paper.
 How To Write Abstract?

2. Review the requirements

If you're writing for publication in a journal or as part of a work
project, there may be specific requirements regarding length or
style. Review any requirements before you start writing the abstract.
 How To Write Abstract?

3. Consider your audience and publication

Abstracts are designed to help readers quickly determine if they want to
continue reading your work, so it's important to understand who will be
reading the abstract as you write it. For example, should it be written in
language appropriate for someone in academics or the medical industry or
does it need to be understood by a lay reader?
 How To Write Abstract?

4. Explain the problem

This refers to the specific problem that your research
addresses or tries to solve. Identify your main claim or
argument and the scope of your study, whether it's
something specific or a general problem.
 How To Write Abstract?

5. Explain your methods

Next, you'll explain the methods you took to accomplish your
study, including the research you conducted, variables you
included and your approach. Include any evidence you had to
support your assertion.
 How To Write Abstract?

6. Describe your results

Share the general findings and answers you reached as a result of
your study. If you can’t succinctly summarize all of your results, you
can simply highlight the most important findings
 How To Write Abstract?

7. Give a conclusion
Finalize your summary by addressing the meaning of your findings and the importance of the paper.
While you will use a conclusion in both types of abstracts, only in the informative abstract will you
discuss the implications of your work
One common way to structure your abstract is to use
the IMRaD structure. This stands for:

Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion/Conclusion
 Thanks!
CREDITS: This presentation template was created by
Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, infographics & images
by Freepik