1apogonidae Ivance

Amioides polyacanthus -
Deepwater cardinalfish
Class: Actinopteeri (ray-finned fishes)
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Subfamily: Amioidinae
Genus: Amioides
Marine; benthopelagic; depth range 70 - 276 m
Dorsal spines (total): 8; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10;
Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8. Body shape similar
to chielodipterid fishes, but differs in having 7 spines
in the 1st dorsal fin (versus 6 in chielodipterids).
Sharp canine teeth present on both jaws. A dark-
brown longitudinal stripe runs under the lateral line
of midbody but is indistinct at the caudal base.
Apogon ceramensis -
Mangove Cardinal fish
Class: Actinopteri (ray-finned fishes)
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Subfamily: Apogoninae
Genus: Apogon/Ostorhinchus
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 0 - 3 m
Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8. This semi-
transparent species has a silvery to slight golden
sheen colouration; a narrow dark midlateral
stripe; black-edged first dorsal fin; and a small
black spot at the middle of caudal-fin base. It is
similar to Fibramia lateralis but generally smaller
and the female has a small black spot behind the
eye
Apogon coccineus -
Ruby Cardinal Fish
Class: Actinopteri
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Apogon
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 8-35m
Dorsal spines (total): 7; Dorsal soft rays
(total): 9; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8.
Semi-transparent and reddish in color.
Apogon crassiceps -
Transparent
cardinalfish
Class: Actinopteri
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Apogo
Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8. Distinguished by
having the following characteristics: dorsal-fin rays
VI-I, 9; anal-fin rays II,8; pectoral fin rays 13; pelvic
fin rays I,5; pored lateral line scales 24; predorsal
scales 5-6; large scale between first dorsal fin and
lateral line 1; circumpeduncular scales 12; total gill
rakers 15-16, developed gill rakers 8-9; full scale
between first dorsal fin and lateral line 1, often with
smaller second scale
Apogon doryssa-
Longspine
cardinalfish
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Apogon
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 4 - 21
m
Second spine in first dorsal fin thick and tall,
almost reaching end of second dorsal fin
base, when folded down
Apogon indicus -
Indian cardinalfish
Class: Actinopteri
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Apogo
Marine; demersal; depth range 6 - 8 m
Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8. Differs from other
members of the A. erythrinus complex. Further
characterized by having 23 pored lateral line
scales; predorsal scales 6; large scales between
first dorsal fin and lateral line 2, with smaller third
scale at base of dorsal fin; circumpeduncular
scales 14; total gill rakers 15, developed gill rakers
7; without free edge of skin near anterior nasal
opening
Apogon
posterofasciatus
- Rearbar cardinalfish
Class: Actinopteri
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Apogo
m
Apogon
seminigracaudus
- Darktail cardinalfish
Class: Actinopteri
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Apogo
Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8. Characterized by
having dorsal fin rays VI-I, 9; anal fin rays II,8;
pectoral fin rays 14; pelvic fin rays I, 5; pored
lateral line scales 24; predorsal scales 6;
circumpeduncular scales 12. Further characterized
by semi-transparent red color; caudal peduncle
with broad blackish stripe midlaterally, extending
onto lower half of caudal fin; greatest depth of
body 2.8-3.1 in SL
Apogon semiornatus
- Oblique-banded
cardinalfish
Class: Actinopteri
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Apogo
Dorsal spines (total): 7; Dorsal soft rays (total):
9; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8.
Characterized by having transparent pinkish
body; broad reddish brown band from snout
to the anal-fin base; broad dark brown band at
the middle of the body surface; depth of body
2.7-3.0 in SL
Apogon talboti-
Flame cardinalfish
Class: Actinopteri
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Apogo
m
Apogon tricinctus -
Threeband cardinalfish
Class: Actinopteri
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Apogon
Dorsal spines (total): 7; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9-10;
Anal spines: 1-2; Anal soft rays: 8; Vertebrae: 24. This
species is distinguished by the following characters:
depth of body 2.8-3.0 in SL; D VI+I,9-10; A I or II,8;
pectoral rays 13; lateral-line scales 24; predorsal scales
8; developed gill rakers 5-7+18-19 plus 2-3 tiny
rudiments at beginning of upper limb; serrate
preopercular margin; smooth preopercular ridge;
moderately forked caudal fin. Colour of body red,
including fins; 3 slightly oblique greyish-brown bands on
middle of side, the first 2 below middle of first and
second dorsal fins, respectively, and the third across
anterior part of caudal peduncle; fins are reddish and
semi-translucent (Ref. 90102).
Apogonichthyoides
melas - Black
cardinalfish
Class: Actinopteri
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Apogon
(total): 9; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays:
8.Found in shallow well protected coastal
bays, commonly found under jetties, hiding
in dark areas.
Apogonichthyoides
pseudotaeniatus -Doublebar
cardinalfish
Class: teleostei
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: apogonichthyoides
Silver color with 2 distinct black vertical stripes
from the dorsal fins down over the body, also
on the pectoral fin.
Apogonichthyoides sialis
-Twinbar cardinalfish
Class: teleostei
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Apogonichthyoides taeniatus -
Twobelt cardinal
Class: teleostei
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
(total): 8-9; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 6 -
8. Eyes slightly larger than snout.
Preopercular edge serrated, preopercular
ridge smooth, weakly denticulate at angle.
Brownish or silver grey. 3 darker vertical
bands on each side, the first including a black
ocellus with yellow or white ring, last band
near the base of caudal fin.
Apogonichthyoides
timorensis -
Timor cardinalfish
Class: teleostei
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Characterized by having dorsal fin rays VII-I, 9; anal fin
rays II,8; pectoral fin rays 16; pelvic fin rays I, 5; pored
lateral line scales 23-24; predorsal scales 3;
circumpeduncular scales 12 (Ref. 93839); coppery brown
to yellowish with an oblique black line below eye; may
have three faint, dusky bars on sides (Ref. 2334, 48635);
characterized further by the following: irregular whitish
bar across anterior caudal peduncle; lower gill cover with
dark brown patch; narrow, oblique dark band below eye;
yellowish fins; first dorsal fin with dark brown tip;
greatest depth of body 2.5-2.8 in SL (Ref. 90102).
Apogonichthyoides
uninotatus-
Onespot cardinalfish
Class: teleostei
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Body dusky, with reddish brown shades; a
round blackish blotch larger than the pupil
midway between pectoral and lateral line
Apogonichthys
ocellatus - Ocellated
cardinalfish
Class: teleostei
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
(total): 9; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8.A
pale brownish to blackish cardinalfish, with a
large ocellus on the first dorsal fin, 3 broad
dark bars radiating from the eye, dusky
rounded fins, and a distinct lateral line
Apogonichthys -
Perdix Cardinalfish
Class: actinopterygii
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Olive brown with irregular dark spots and
streaks; speckled fins; normally with a dark
line from eye to origin of LL and stripe from
eye to angle of preopercle (Ref. 4329, 48635).
Developed gill rakers 5-7. A distinctive small
white spot centrally at base of caudal fin
Archamia bleekeri -
Gon's cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: archamia
(total): 9; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 15 -
17. Color in life silver gray, translucent on
body, variable amount of bright yellow
pigment on head and body, most commonly
on snout, jaws and throat; side of snout
sometimes with dark dots; black caudal spot
pupil size or smaller; fins pale; diffuse orange
stripe above anal-fin base.
Cheilodipterus alleni-
Allen's cardinalfish
Class: teleostei
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
(total): 9-10; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8 -
9. Color in life pale with 8 golden brown
stripes. Stripes below middle of body equal
to or slightly wider than interspaces. Stripes
above middle of body slightly narrower than
interspaces. Distal half of first dorsal fin black
and proximal half pale. Second dorsal, anal,
pectoral, and pelvic fins with reddish tinge.
Leading edge of second dorsal and anal fins
dusky to dark brown, usually darker distally.
Upper- and lowermost caudal-fin rays dark
brown. No dark caudal spot
Cheilodipterus arabicus-
Tiger cardinal
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: cheilodipterus
Color in life pale brown with 13-16 dark
brown stripes. In large fish, dorsal stripes
may be irregular. A small dark spot encircled
by yellow area on caudal peduncle. Spot
sometimes expanded to form a dark brown
bar around caudal peduncle. Distinct snow
white bar between dark caudal spot (or bar)
and posterior ends of body stripes. First
dorsal fin dusky to dark brown. Other fins
pale (in young) to dusky (in adults), but never
as dark as first dorsal fin. Snout somewhat
darker than body.
Cheilodipterus artus -
Wolf cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Juveniles have a small black spot surrounded
by a large gold blotch on the caudal peduncle
(Ref. 37816); characterized further by the
following: mauve or pale grey color with eight
reddish brown stripes; blackish to brown
caudal fin base; adults capable of quick color
change; greatest depth of body 3.2-4.0 in SL
Cheilodipterus
intermedius-
Intermediate
cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Dorsal spines (total): 6 - 7; Dorsal soft rays
Differs from C. artus by having darker stripes
and fewer gill rakers, and from C. macrodon
by having narrower dark stripes (Ref. 37816).
Similar to C. heptazona, but lacking yellow on
snout, and C. octolineatus, but without black
tip on dorsal fin. Juveniles and sub-adults
with large yellow area on caudal peduncle
with a small black spot in its center
Cheilodipterus isostigm -
Dog-toothed cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Distinguished externally from C.
quinquelineatus by the position of the
basicaudal spot which is in line with the mid-
lateral stripe, and internally by having canine
teeth at the end of the lower jaw
Cheilodipterus
macrodon - Large
toothed cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Dorsal spines (total): 7; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9; Anal
spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8. Characterized by having
dorsal fin rays VI-I, 9; anal fin rays II,8; pectoral fin
rays 12; pelvic fin rays I, 5; pored lateral line scales 25;
predorsal scales 6; circumpeduncular scales 12; large
canine-like teeth on jaws; preopercular margin
serrated .; juveniles have a large black blotch on the
caudal peduncle which becomes diffuse with age.
Adults resemble adults of C. artus, but have wider
stripes with darker interspace ; characterized further
by pale grey color; eight red-brown stripes on side,
caudal fin base whitish; dark caudal fin margins;
greatest depth of body 3.1-3.8 in SL
Cheilodipterus
quinquelineatus-
Five-lined cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Characterized by having dorsal fin rays VI-I, 9;
anal fin rays II,8; pectoral fin rays 12; pelvic
fin rays I, 5; pored lateral line scales 24-25;
predorsal scales 6; circumpeduncular scales
12; large canine-like teeth on jaws; serrated
preopercular margin; characterized further
by pale grey color to whitish with five narrow
black stripes; base of caudal fin yellow;
greatest depth of body 3.1-3.7 in SL
Cheilodipterus
singapurensis -
Truncate cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
(total): 9; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8 - 9.
A small white spot at end of base of second
dorsal fin that is distinctive in juveniles and
maybe absent in large individuals.
Cheilodipterus zonatus -
Yellowbelly cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8. Body with midlateral black
stripe, as wide as the pupil, tapers to a point on base
of middle caudal-fin rays; body and head below it
generally yellow; on snout and behind pectoral fin,
midlateral stripe is bordered by a narrow yellowish
white zone; above mid-lateral stripe body and head
white, but top of head with a yellow tinge; dorsal
stripe dark gray, separated from dorsal fins by a
narrow white zone; a median dark gray stripe may be
present from interorbital area to first dorsal-fin origin;
fins pale. Developed gill rakers on hypobranchial 0-1;
on ceratobranchial 8
Fibramia amboinensis-
Amboina cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Fibramia
Distinguished by having the following
characteristics: dorsal-fin rays VI-I, 9; anal-fin
rays II, 8; pectoral-fin rays 14; pelvic-fin rays I,
5; pored lateral-line scales 24; predorsal
scales 7; circumpeduncular scales 12; total
gill rakers 21-22, developed gill rakers 19-20;
light brown body; two black stripes, one from
snout to opercular margin through eye, and
the second one on anterior portion of lateral
line; blackish anterior part of first dorsal fin;
base of caudal-fin with distinct black spot
Fibramia lateralis -
Humpback cardinal
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Fibramia
Silvery, deep-bodied, head profile slightly
concave Dark narrow line from angle of
opercle to a small spot at caudal base; front
and tip of 1st dorsal black in color . Greatest
depth of body 2.5-2.7 in SL
Fibramia thermalis -
Half-barred cardinal
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Fibramia
Black stripe from snout through eye to angle
of opercle; tip of 1st dorsal present; caudal
spot present . Sometimes has yellow barring
on sides 2-3 tiny black spots along base of
dorsal fin; greatest depth of body 2.6-3.0 in
SL
Foa brachygramma-
Weed cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Foa
spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8; Vertebrae: 24. This species
is distinguished by the following characters: pored
lateral-line scales usually 9-10 and 14-16 gill rakers and
rudiments on first gill arch; body scales with narrow
dark margins; body uniform to mottled brownish
without darker bars on sides (except at night); the
second dorsal fin, anal fin and caudal fin pale are
without darkish banding; pectoral fin with no whitish
spot at axil; without whitish spots at base of caudal
peduncle or behind posterior base of second dorsal
fin; two darkish small marks near base of caudal
peduncle
Foa fo - Weedy
cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Foa
spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8; Vertebrae: 24. This species is
distinguished by the following characters: usually 8-12
pored lateral-line scales and 13-15 gill rakers and
rudiments; body scales margins uniform to pale edging;
body mottled brownish with 5 darker irregular bars, the
first anterior to origin of first dorsal fin, the second bar
from posterior half of first dorsal fin through posterior half
of pelvic fin, the third narrow bar between soft dorsal and
soft anal fins, the fourth on caudal peduncle, and the fifth
at base of caudal fin; axil of pectoral fin with a whitish spot;
3 whitish basicaudal spots partially in darkish basicaudal
bar; whitish spot behind posterior base of soft dorsal fin;
second dorsal fin, anal fin and caudal fin pale with darkish
banding
Foa hyalina -
Hyaline cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Foa
Color in life hyaline pearl; a brownish -red
stripe from snout to eye, another from eye to
throat, another across nape and 3 downward
from base of spinous dorsal (more or less
olivaceous). Spinous dorsal and pelvic fins
mottled finely with brownish; other fins
without
Fowleria aurita -
Crosseyed cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Fowleria
(total): 9; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8
Fowleria isostigma -
Dotted cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Fowleria
Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8. Characterized by
having dorsal fin rays VII-I, 9; anal fin rays II,8;
pectoral fin rays 14; pelvic fin rays I, 5; pored lateral
line scales 11; predorsal scales 6; circumpeduncular
scales 12;palatine without teeth (Ref. 93839);
characterized further by brown to tan color; most of
body scales with small black spot except few above
lateral line; opercle with pale-edged black spot; dark-
edged whitish band from lower eye to cheek;
incomplete lateral line with 9-14 tubed scales;
greatest depth of body 2.6-3.1 in SL (Ref. 90102).
Fowleria marmorata-
Marbled cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Fowleria
Reddish brown with about 10 dark bars and
reddish fins (Ref. 37816, 48635). A reflective
black to bluish grey spot, sometimes rimmed
with white, on operculum. Lateral line
incomplete (Ref. 48635); characterized
further by dark bands radiating from rear
eye; incomplete lateral line with 10-13 tubed
scales; greatest depth of body 2.7-3.1 in SL
(Ref. 90102).
Fowleria vaiulae -
Mottled cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Fowleria
Mottled brown with 6 to 8 pale bars and 3 to
4 dark bands radiating from the eye (Ref.
37816).
Fowleria variegata -
Variegated
cardinalfish
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Genus: Fowleria
spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8. This species is distinguished by
the following characters: D VII + I,9; A II,8; pectoral fin rays
12-14; lateral-line scales 23 (23rd overlapping caudal-fin
base), the first 10-13 with tubes; median predorsal scales
4; total gill-rakers 3-4 + 11-13; developed rakers 1+ 5-6;
rear edge of preopercle ridge smooth, the lower edge
membranous and crenulate; body depth 2.5-2.95, head
length 2.3-2.4 in SL; snout length 4.2-4.5, eye diameter
3.1-3.8, interorbital width 5.8-7.05, and upper-jaw length
1.9-2.0, all in head length; jaws and vomer with villiform
teeth in bands, none on palatines; caudal-peduncle depth
1.15-1.45 in peduncle length, and peduncle length 4.2-4.7
in SL; round shaped caudal fin (Ref. 50837).

1apogonidae Ivance

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Amioides polyacanthus -

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