Вінницький навчально-науковий інститут економіки

Західноукраїнський національний університет

Комплексне Практичне Індивідуальне

Завдання
з Іноземної мови
на тему:

«The legal system of Ukraine»

Підготував:
Студент групи Првн-11
Мусієнко Максим Андрійович

Викдадач:
Красуцький Сергій Миколайович

Вінниця-2023
 Plan
1. Introduction.
2. Constitutional Framework and Judicial System.
3. Judicial System and Legal Codes.
4. Legal Codes and Recent Reforms.
5. Recent Reforms and Challenges.
6. Challenges in the Legal System.
7. Prospects for the Future.
8. Comparative Analysis.
9. Conclusion.
10. References.
 Introduction:
Ukraine, located in Eastern Europe, has a developed legal system that reflects the country's history, culture and ambitions in democratic
governance. This essay provides a general overview of Ukraine's legal system, covering its historical development, key components, and
recent reforms
1.1 Historical background
The roots of the legal system of Ukraine can be traced back to the medieval period of Kievan Rus. Over the
centuries, Ukraine has experienced the influence of various legal traditions, such as the Byzantine, Mongolian,
Polish and Soviet systems. The country's independence in 1991 led to the creation of a new legal structure.

1.2 Constitutional basis

The Constitution of Ukraine, adopted in 1996, is the highest law of the country. It defines the structure of the
government, the distribution of power between branches of government, the basic rights and freedoms of
citizens. Ukraine operates as a semi-presidential republic, where the president is the head of state and the
prime minister is the head of government.
1.3 Judicial System
The judicial system of Ukraine includes a hierarchical system of courts. The Constitutional Court ensures
the constitutionality of laws, and the Supreme Court is the highest court of general jurisdiction. In
addition, there are specialized courts, such as the Administrative Court and the High Anti-Corruption
Court, created to deal with specific legal issues.

1.4 Legal Codes

Ukraine has developed a comprehensive system of legal codes, including the Criminal Code, the Civil Code
and the Administrative Code. These codes regulate various aspects of public and private life, ensuring the
proper functioning of the legal system. Reforms in recent years are aimed at modernizing and aligning
these codes with international standards.
 Constitutional Framework and Judicial System
2.1 Adoption of the Constitution:
The significance of the 1996 Constitution in shaping the country's political and legal landscape cannot be
overstated. It established the foundation for Ukraine's modern governance structure and legal principles.

Judicial System and Legal Codes

3.1 Hierarchy of Courts:
Ukraine's judicial system features a hierarchical structure, with the Constitutional Court overseeing
constitutional matters, the Supreme Court serving as the apex court for general jurisdiction, and
specialized courts addressing specific legal issues.

3.2 Role of the Constitutional Court:

The Constitutional Court plays a crucial role in upholding the constitutionality of laws and ensuring that
legislation aligns with the principles outlined in the Constitution. Its decisions have a profound impact on
the legal landscape of Ukraine.
 Legal Codes and Recent Reforms
4.1 Comprehensive Code System:
Ukraine's legal code system encompasses various codes governing criminal, civil, and administrative matters.
This comprehensive approach ensures that all aspects of public and private life are regulated within a clear
legal framework.

4.2 Criminal Code:

The Criminal Code of Ukraine
outlines offenses, penalties,
and judicial procedures for
criminal cases. Recent reforms
have focused on aligning this
code with international
standards and enhancing its
effectiveness in combating
crime.

4.3 Civil Code:

The Civil Code governs
private relationships
and contractual
obligations. Ongoing
4.4 Administrative reforms aim to
modernize and
Code: streamline this code,
The Administrative Code fostering a more
regulates matters related to conducive environment
administrative offenses. for business and
Reforms in this area are individual transactions.
directed at improving the
efficiency and fairness of
administrative proceedings
while ensuring compliance
with legal standards.
 Recent Reforms and Challenges
5.1 Overview of Reforms:
In the post-Soviet era, Ukraine has undergone significant legal reforms to align its legal system with
international standards. Reforms encompass changes in the judicial appointment process, improvements
in legal codes, and the establishment of anti-corruption bodies.

Challenges in the Legal System

6.1 Corruption:
Despite progress, corruption remains a significant challenge within Ukraine's legal system. Efforts are
underway to strengthen anti-corruption measures and enhance accountability, but sustained
commitment is necessary to root out this deeply ingrained issue.
Prospects for the Future
7.2 Strengthening
the Rule of Law:
A central goal for the future
is the strengthening of the
rule of law. This involves not
only enacting legal reforms
but also fostering a culture of
respect for the law, ensuring
that legal principles are
upheld at all levels of society.
Comparative Analysis
8.2 Lessons from
European Integration:
As Ukraine progresses towards closer
integration with the European Union,
examining legal systems of EU
member states becomes imperative.
Learning from their experiences can
guide Ukraine in successfully aligning
its legal framework with European
standards.
 Conclusion

9.1 Summary of Key Points:

To summarize, Ukraine's legal system has undergone significant transformation, reflecting its historical
context and aspirations for a democratic future. The constitutional framework, judicial system, legal
codes, and recent reforms collectively shape the current legal landscape.

9.2 Future Outlook:

The challenges and prospects discussed indicate that while Ukraine has made strides in legal reform,
there is still work to be done. The country's commitment to ongoing reforms and alignment with
international standards positions it for a positive future in the global legal arena.
 References

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_Ukraine
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judiciary_of_Ukraine
3. https://www.razomforukraine.org/projects/policyreport/judiciar
y-system-and-reform/