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11.spinal Orthotics
11.spinal Orthotics
Laaraib Nawaz
Evaluation
• To check adequacy of orthosis prescribed.
• To rule out if there is any modification needed.
• To check pressure distribution is even.
• To check pressure application is according to need or not.
• To determine all the biomechanical principles are being followed.
• There are three main steps :
1. Prescription
2. Initial evaluation
3. Final evaluation
Static evaluation
Dynamic evaluation
Gait Disorders with Orthoses Usage
• Sometimes if prescribed orthoses do not meet
biomechanical principles they may cause
some negative effects as well due to excessive
pressure application to some areas.
• E.g. It may result in circumduction gait if knee
locks are a problem.
• All the negative effects discussed earlier can
result.
COMPOSITE
• A combination of two or more materials to
form a new material system with enhanced
material properties
• Reinforcement + Matrix = Composite
Examples for composites
• Fiber reinforced plastics:
• Classified by type of fiber:
Wood (cellulose fibers in a lignin and
hemicellulose matrix)
Carbon-fiber reinforced plastic (CRP)
Glass-fiber reinforced plastic (GRP)
(informally,fiberglass")
Classified by matrix:
• Thermoplastic Composites
• – short fiber thermoplastics
• – long fiber thermoplastics or long fiber reinforced
• thermoplastics
• – glass mat thermoplastics
• – continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastics
• Thermoset Composites