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Lecture - 04 Physical Media
Lecture - 04 Physical Media
Lecture_04
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Transmission Medium and Physical Layer
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Twisted-pair Cable
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Categories of unshielded twisted-pair cables
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Twisted Pair Cable
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UTP connector
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Twisted Pair Cables (Example)
ADSL
Ethernet networks
- 10BASE-T
- 100BASE-TX
- 1000BASE-T
- 1000BASE-TX (Cat5e (enhanced))
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Twisted Pair Cable (Pros & Cons)
Pros:
easy to understand
mass production - low cost
most widely used medium
Cons:
prone to electromagnetic interference
in power plants, airport buildings, military
facilities, cars…
Note:
In-building networks at our university are almost all
twisted pair
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Coaxial cable
BNC Connector
10-BASE-2
10-BASE-5
vampire taps connector
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BNC(Bayonet Neill–Concelman) connectors
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Bending of light ray
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Optical fiber
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Propagation Modes
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Modes
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Fiber types
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Fiber construction Du Pont Manufacturer
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Fiber-optic Cable Connectors
Square Connector
Straight Tip
Mechanical Transfer
Registered Jack
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Optical Fiber (Pros & Cons)
Pros:
Low attenuation
Large bandwidth
Cons:
Relatively “new” technology
“Expensive”
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Comparing optical fiber to UTP
Pros:
Immune to electro-magnetic interference
no crosstalk
Reduced need for error detection and correction
Enables longer link distances
Attenuation unaffected by transmission rate
Easier network upgrade
Can combine different services: telephony, TV, internet…
Cons:
Optical components have higher cost
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Unguided Media: Wireless
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Wireless
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Propagation Methods
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Bands
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Wireless Transmission Waves
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Omni directional Antenna
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Note
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Unidirectional Antennas
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Note
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Note
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Thanks for attention
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