MUSCLES OF MASTICATION

IKRAMA VAID
[839] 3RD BDS
MUSCLES OF MASTICATION ARE AS
FOLLOWS

Masseter muscle

Temporalis muscle

Medial pterygoid

Lateral pterygoid
 THE SECONDARY OR ACCESSORY
MUSCLES ARE:

• BUCCINATOR
• SUPRAHYOID MUSCLES [ DIGASTRIC MUSCLE , MYLOHYOID
MUSCLE , GENIOHYOID MUSCLE ]
• INFRAHYOID MUSCLES [THE STERNOHYOID , STERNOTHYROID
, THYROID, OMOHYOID MUSCLE]
 TEMPORAL FASCIA
• THICK APONEURETIC SHEET THAT ROOFS OVER TEMPORAL FOSSA AND COVERS THE
TEMPORALIS MUSCLE.
• SUPERIORLY ATTACHED TO THE SUPERIOR TEMPORAL LINE
• INFERIORLY SPLITS INTO TWO LAYERS WHICH ARE ATTACHED TO THE INNER AND THE
OUTER LIPS OF THE UPPER BORDER OF ZYGOMATIC ARCH.
• THIS SMALL GAP IS FILLED WITH FAT AND A BRANCH FROM SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL
ARTERY AND ZYGOMATICOTEMPORAL NERVE
• SUPERFICIAL SURFACE OF TEMPORAL FASCIA RECEIVES AN EXPANSION FROM EPICRANIAL
APONEURESIS.
• THIS SURFACE GIVES ORIGIN TO AURICULARIS ANTERIOR AND SUPERIOR AND RELATED TO
AURICULOTEMPORAL NERVE,
AND THE TEMPORAL BRANCH 0F FACIAL NERVE.
TEMPORALIS FASCIA
 MUSCLE ORIGIN FIBERS INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTIONS

Temporalis a) Temporal Anterior fibers a) Margins and Two deep a)Elevates

Fan shaped fills fossa Runs vertically deep surface temporal nerves mandible helps in
the temporal excluding Middle fibers of coronoid from anterior side to side
fossa zygomatic runs obliquely process. division of grinding
bone Posterior fibers b) Anterior mandibular movement
b) Temporal horizontally. border of nerve b) Posterior
fascia All converge and ramus of fibers retracts
pass through gap mandible the protruded
between mandible
zygomatic arch
TEMPORALIS MUSCLE
 MUSCLE ORIGIN FIBERS INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTIONS

Masseter a) Superficial Superficial fibers Superficial layer: Masseteric nerve a) Elevates the
Quadrilateral layer(largest): pass downward Into lower part of Branch of mandible to
Covers lateral anterior 2/3rd and backwards at lateral surface of anterior division close the
surface of lower border of 45 degrees ramus of of mandibular mouth to
mandible has zygomatic arch mandible nerve bite
three layers and adjoining Deep fibers pass b) Superficial
zygomatic vertically Deep layer: fibers cause
process of downwards Into rest of the protrusion
maxilla mandible
Middle fibers
b) Deep layer: pass vertically Middle layer:
from the deep downwards Into the central
surface of the part of mandible
zygomatic arch

c) Middle layer:
From lower
border of
posterior 1/3rd of
zygomatic arch
MASSETER MUSCLE
 MUSCLE ORIGIN FIBERS INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTIONS

Lateral pterygoid a) Upper Fibers runs a) Pterygoid A branch from a) Depress the
Short, conical head(small):from backwards and fovea on anterior anterior division mandible to open
has upper and infratemporal laterally and surface of neck of mandibular the mouth with
lower heads surface and crest converge for of mandible nerve suprahyoid
of greater wing insertion b) Anterior muscle
of sphenoid margin of b) Lateral and
b) Lower head articular disc and medial pterygoid
(larger): from capsule of protrude the
lateral surface of temporomandibu mandible
lateral pterygoid lar joint . c) Right lateral
plate pterygoid and
right medial
pterygoid turn
the chin to left
side while
grinding
movements
MEDIAL AND LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE
 MUSCLE ORIGIN FIBERS INSERTION NERVE ACTIONS
SUPPLY
Medial pterygoid a)Superficial Fibers runs Roughened nerve to medial Elevates
Quadrilateral head (small downwards area on medial pterygoid branch mandible
Has a small slip):from of main trunk of Helps protrude
superficial and maxillary
backwards and surface of mandibular nerve mandible
large deep head tuberosity and laterally angle and Right medial
adjoining bone ramus of pterygoid with
mandible lateral pterygoid
b)Deep below and turn the chin left
head(large): side.
From medial
behind the
surface of lateral mandibular
pterygoid plate foramen and
and adjoining mylohyoid
process of groove
palatine bone