PERSONALITY DISORDERS

GROUP 2​
1. DIYAANSH GANDHI
2. MAHEK SHAIKH
3. MRUNALI KASAR
4. ASMITA WAGH
5. AAKANKSHA GAIKWAID
6. HARSH TANWAR
PERSONALITY DISORDERS

WHAT IS PERSONALITY DISORDER ?

• The mental health condition that includes long-term, wide-ranging, and daunting thoughts,
behaviors, and moods, as well as the relationships of individuals, is defined as a personality
disorder.

• People having personality disorder are often inflexible and have stubborn attitude.

• Personality disorders create distorted reality, abnormal behaviors, and distressing situations in
various areas of life, including relationships and social functioning.

• Personality disorders usually begin in the teenage years or early adulthood. There are many
2 types of personality disorders.
PERSONALITY DISORDERS

TYPES OF PERSONALITY
DISORDER

Personality disorders are caused by many genetic and

environmental factors.
Personality disorders have been identified in 3 main
categories, with symptoms different from one another.
1. Cluster A Personality Disorders
2. Cluster B Personality Disorders
3. Cluster C Personality Disorders

3
 CLUSTER A PERSONALITY
DISORDERS
1. PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
2. SCHIZOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
3. SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
 PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
CLUSTER A

• It is a condition of distrust and suspicion towards others and their thoughts.

• People often worry that they will be humiliated or endangered by others.

• It may also lead to:

1. Unjustified suspicion of the loyalty or trustworthiness of others.

2. Hesitancy to confide in others due to unreasonable fear that others will use the information
against you.
3. Angry or hostile reaction to perceived slights or insults.
4. Tendency to hold grudges.

5
 SCHIZOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
CLUSTER A

• People having this kind of disorder are unwilling to establish closeness in social relations,
having difficulty expressing emotions, and tending to live away from people.

• People with this disorder tend to be alone in the family, mostly in their rooms.

• It may also lead to:

1. Limited range of emotional expression.

2. Inability to pick up normal social cues.
3. Appearance of being cold or indifferent to others.

6
 SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
CLUSTER A

• This disorder is manifested by social anxiety, unorganized thoughts, paranoid thinking, and
being uncomfortable in close relationships.

• It may also lead to:

1. Odd perceptual experiences, such as hearing a voice whisper your name.

2. Flat emotions or inappropriate emotional responses.
3. "Magical thinking" — believing you can influence people and events with your thoughts.
4. Belief that certain casual incidents or events have hidden messages meant only for you.

7
 CLUSTER B PERSONALITY
DISORDERS
1. ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
2. BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER
3. HISTRIONIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
4. NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
 ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
CLUSTER B

• Failure to comply with the rules of respect required for the order of society is the main
characteristic of this disorder.

• Those with antisocial personality disorder may break the law and cause physical or
emotional harm to individuals.

• It may also lead to:

1. Recurring problems with the law.

2. Repeated violation of the rights of others.
3. Aggressive, often violent behavior.
4. Disregard for the safety of self or others.
5. Impulsive behavior.
6. Consistently irresponsible.
9
7. Lack of remorse for behavior.
 BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER
CLUSTER B

• It is a disorder characterized by inconsistency in self-perception, changes in mood,

impulsive behaviors, and difficulties in establishing relationships.

• Extra sensitive behavior is displayed in response to being cheated on or deceived.

• It may also lead to:

1. Unstable and intense relationships.

2. Up and down moods, often as a reaction to interpersonal stress.
3. Suicidal behavior or threats of self-injury.
4. Intense fear of being alone or abandoned.
5. Ongoing feelings of emptiness.
6. Frequent, intense displays of anger.
10
 HISTRIONIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
CLUSTER B

• It is a disorder characterized by being approved by others, being noticed, and being overly
emotional. The more they become the center of attention in a group, the more permanent
their communication and friendships can be.

• It may also lead to:

1. Constantly seeking attention.

2. Easily influenced by others.
3. Shallow, rapidly changing emotions.
4. Excessive concern with physical appearance.

11
 NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
CLUSTER B

• Narcissistic Personality Disorder, is characterized by situations such as superiority,

jealousy.

• It may also lead to:

1. Fantasies about power, success and attractiveness.

2. Failure to recognize others' needs and feelings.
3. Exaggeration of achievements or talents.
4. Unreasonable expectations of favors and advantages, often taking advantage of others.
5. Envy of others or belief that others envy you.

12
 CLUSTER C PERSONALITY
DISORDERS
1. AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER
2. DEPENDENT PERSONALITY DISORDER
3. OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY
DISORDER
 AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER
CLUSTER C

• Fear of criticism and rejection prevents people with this disorder from communicating with
others.

• People with avoidant personality disorder don't want to do things or join groups because
they feel like they aren't good enough.

• It may also lead to:

1. Too sensitive to criticism or rejection.

2. Feeling inadequate, inferior or unattractive.
3. Socially inhibited, timid and isolated, avoiding new activities or meeting strangers.
4. Extreme shyness in social situations and personal relationships.
5. Fear of disapproval, embarrassment or ridicule.
14
 DEPENDENT PERSONALITY DISORDER
CLUSTER C

• It is a condition defined by a person's need for another person in all respects.

• People with this disorder have trouble making their own decisions.

• It may also lead to:

1. Submissive or clingy behavior toward others.

2. Fear of having to provide self-care or fend for yourself if left alone.
3. Lack of self-confidence, requiring excessive advice and reassurance from others to make
even small decisions.
4. Difficulty disagreeing with others, fearing disapproval.
5. Urgent need to start a new relationship when a close one has ended.

15
 OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY
DISORDER
CLUSTER C

• It is a condition characterized by a rigid and stubborn attitude in people. Controlling all

kinds of work and actions, behaving in a perfectionist manner. In general, they do not
prefer to work with others.

• It may also lead to:

1. Extreme perfectionism, resulting in dysfunction and distress when perfection is not

achieved, such as feeling unable to finish a project because you don't meet your own strict
standards.
2. Desire to be in control of people, tasks and situations, and inability to delegate tasks.
3. Neglect of friends and enjoyable activities because of excessive commitment to work or a
project.
4. Rigid and stubborn.
5. Inflexible about morality, ethics or values.
16
6. Tight, miserly control over budgeting and spending money.
PERSONLITY DISORDERS
WHO DO
• Most personality disorders begin in the teen years when
PERSONALITY your personality further develops and matures. As a
result, almost all people diagnosed with personality
DISORDER AFFECT disorders are above the age of 18.

AND HOW • One exception to this is antisocial personality disorder —

approximately 80% of people with this disorder will have
COMMON ARE started to show symptoms by the age of 11.

THEY ? • Approximately about 6% of the global population has a

personality disorder.

• Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and antisocial

personality disorder are the most frequently diagnosed
personality disorders.

17
PERSONALITY DISORDERS

CAUSES OF PERSONALITY DISORDER

Following factors may contribute to the development of personality disorders:

1. Genetics: Scientists have identified a malfunctioning gene that may be a factor in many
personality disorders. Researchers are also exploring genetic links to aggression, anxiety and
fear, which are traits that can play a role in personality disorders.
2. Childhood trauma: One study revealed a link between childhood traumas and the
development of personality disorders. People with borderline personality disorder, for
example, had especially high rates of childhood sexual trauma.
3. Verbal abuse: Study reveals that people who have experienced verbal abuse as children
were three times as likely to have borderline, narcissistic, obsessive-compulsive or paranoid
personality disorders in adulthood.
4. Brain changes: Researchers have identified subtle brain differences in people with certain
personality disorders. In a study on schizotypal personality disorder, researchers found a
volumetric decrease in the frontal lobe of their brain
18
PERSONALITY DISORDERS
These are some general signs that people show when
having personality disorder:

• Their behavior is inconsistent, frustrating and

confusing to loved ones and other people they
interact with.

• They may have issues understanding realistic and

acceptable ways to treat others and behave around
them.
HOW DO YOU
KNOW IF • They may be unaware of how their behaviors cause
problems for themselves and/or others.
SOMEONE HAS
PERSONALITY • If they’re a parent, their parenting style may be
detached, overemotional, abusive or irresponsible.
DISORDER ? This can sometimes lead to physical, emotional or
19 mental issues in their children.
PERSONALITY DISORDERS
TREATMENT OF PERSONALITY
DISORDERS
• Personality disorders are some of the most difficult disorders to treat in
psychiatry. This is mainly because people with personality disorders don’t think
their behavior is problematic.
• Psychotherapy (talk therapy) can help manage personality disorders.
• Working with a mental health professional, like a psychologist or psychiatrist,
can provide support, education and guidance to you and your family.
• The main goal of psychotherapy include:
1. Reducing immediate distress, such as anxiety and depression.
2. Helping the person understand that their problems are internal and not caused by
other people or situations.
3. Decreasing unhealthy and socially undesirable behavior.
20 4. Modifying the personality traits that are causing difficulties
THANK YOU