DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING

SANJIVANI RURAL EDUCATION SOCIETY’S

SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING KOPARGAON – 423601
AN AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTE

Topic: FIR FILTER DESIGN

Submitted By :
Roll no.37 – Akshay Mhalaskar Guided By-
Roll no.49 – Mahesh Salpure Prof. S. K. Gupta Sir
Roll no.51 – Yuvraj Shejul
Roll no.55 – Pratik Shinde
Content
• Introduction
• What is FIR filter
• Advantages and Disadvantages
• Application

STEPS
• Determine the filter specifications.
• Choose a windowing function.
• Determine the filter order.
• Calculate the filter coefficients.
• Evaluate the filter performance.
• Implement the filter.
Introduction

1. FIR (finite impulse response) filter is a type of digital filter used in signal processing.

2. FIR filters are characterized by a finite impulse response, meaning that their impulse response lasts only
for a finite duration.

3. FIR filters have several advantages over other types of digital filters, such as linear phase response,
stability, and ease of implementation.
What is FIR Filter
• FIR filter is a digital filter that uses a finite
number of previous input samples to
calculate the current output sample.
• The filter coefficients are applied to each
input sample, and the sum of the products of
the coefficients and input samples is the
output.
• FIR filters can be designed to have various
frequency responses, including lowpass,
highpass, bandpass, and bandstop.
• FIR filters are widely used in signal
processing applications, including audio and
Filter specifications:

• Determine the filter's passband and stopband

frequencies, transition bandwidth, passband and
stopband ripple, and the type of filter response
(lowpass, highpass, bandpass, or bandstop).
• The filter specifications are critical to designing a
filter that meets the desired performance criteria.
Windowing function:

1. Choose a windowing function to shape the

frequency response of the filter.
2. Commonly used window functions include the
Hamming, Hanning, Blackman, and Kaiser
windows.
3. Windowing functions can help to minimize
unwanted spectral leakage and improve the
filter's stopband attenuation.
Filter order:

1. Determine the filter order, which is directly

proportional to the number of filter coefficients
needed to achieve the desired filter
specifications.
2. The filter order affects the computational
complexity and the filter's frequency response.
3. Choosing an appropriate filter order is critical
to designing an FIR filter that meets the desired
performance criteria.
Filter coefficients:
1. Calculate the filter coefficients using various
algorithms such as the window method,
frequency sampling method, or Parks-McClellan
algorithm.
2. The filter coefficients determine the filter's
impulse response and frequency response.
3. It's essential to choose the appropriate
algorithm for calculating the filter coefficients
based on the filter specifications and the available
Evaluation of filter performance:
1. Evaluate the filter's performance by analyzing
the filter’s frequency response, phase response,
and impulse response.

2. The performance evaluation ensures that the

filter meets the desired specifications and
performs correctly.
Filter implementation:
1. Implement the filter using software or
hardware based on the application and available
resources.
2. Considerations for implementing the filter
include the available resources, such as memory,
processing power, and clock frequency.
3. Specialized hardware architectures, such as
DSPs and FPGAs, can be used to implement FIR
filters efficiently in hardware.
 Disadvantages

• FIR filter are always stable • Passband ripple: Variation

in passband amplitude, in
• It is simple
dB.
• Having linear phase response
• Stopband ripple: Maximum
• It is easy to optimize attenuation allowed in
• Noncausal stopband, in dB.
• • Smaller passband ripple =
Round of noise error is minimum
more accuracy but may
• Good performance increase complexity.
• Robust • Filter response: Shape of
frequency response, like
Application of FIR Filter
• Audio processing
• Communications
• Control systems
• Image processing
• Radar and sonar systems
• Bio-medical Signal Processing
Conclusion
FIR filter design is crucial for digital signal
processing. It involves selecting the right
parameters, optimizing design techniques, and
considering hardware implementation to enhance
filter performance and accuracy.
References
1. A Review of Digital FIR Filter Design in Communication Systems.

ISSN: 2319-7064 SJIF (2019): 7.583

2. Design of hardware efficient FIR filter: A review of the state-of-the-art

approaches

3. Design and Performance Analysis of FIR Filter for Audio Application

International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology

(IJSRET) ISSN: 2278–0882

4. Performance Analysis of FIR Digital Filter Design Technique and

Implementation

ISSN_NO: 2321-4775

5. Design and Performance Analysis of FIR Filter for Audio Application

Thank You