Lecture 9: POST-IMPRESSIONISM (1):

NEO-IMPRESSIONISM – Cézanne – Van Gogh – Gauguin

Paul Signac, Golfe Juan, ca. 1896

Post-Impressionism: Two exhibitions early 20th Century, London:

The discovery of the visual

language of the imagination

Roger Fry

Vanessa Bell, A Room at the Second

Post-Impressionist Exhibition, 1912
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9bs1iQ14LJY

Preliminary studies, en plein air

Georges Seurat, Bathers at Asnières, 1883-84
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° 1884:
Société des Artistes Indépendants / Salon des Indépendants

Engraving of the Pavillon de la Ville de Paris, site of the

Salon d’Hiver de la Société des Artistes Indépendants
Dec 1884 – Jan 1885, avenue des Champs-Élysées, Paris

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1886 / 1889: Neo-Impressionism

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Chromoluminarism:
Pointillism

Preliminary studies
en plein air
Georges Seurat, A Sunday on la Grande Jatte, 1886
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George Seurat, A Sunday on la Grande Jatte (details), 1886

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La revue blanche

Paul Signac, (…), Portret of Félix Fénéon, 1890

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Divisionism:

Paul Signac, Notre-Dame-de-la-Garde, Marseille (detail), 1905

Georges Seurat
The Circus (detail), 1890 9
Paul Signac, Saint-Tropez, The Storm, 1895 Paul Signac, Red Buoy, 1895
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George Seurat, The Circus Parade (preliminary study and detail), 1887-88

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Michel Eugène Chevreul:

De la loi du contraste simultané

des couleurs, 1839

Colour chart:
- Primary colours (eg yellow), Colour chart
- Secundary colours (eg green)
- Tertiary colours (eg
yellowgreen)

> Complementary kleuren (eg

green-red)

72 colour variations
Each colour: 20 shades between
light and dark

Law of simultaneous colour

contrast

Law of simultaneous colour contrast

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Michel Eugène Chevreul, De la loi du contraste simultané, 1889 13
Ogden N. Rood:

Modern Chromatics, with applications

to Art and Industry, 1879

Colours divided into:

- Purity
- Luminosity
- Hue

Small dots or lines of different colours,

when seen from a distance, will blend
into a new colour

Importance of arrangement of colours

in the defining of moods in works of
art

Ogden, N. Rood, Modern Chromatics, 1879 14

Les XX: 1883-1893

Exhibition of Les XX in Brussels, sd

With amongst others work by Renoir and Manet

Théo Van Rysselberghe

Portrait of Octave Maus, ca. 1885 15
 Willy Finch, Orchard at La Louvière, 1890

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Exhibition of Les XX in Brussels, 1884
 Théo Van Rysselberghe
The lecture by Emile Verhaeren, 1903

Théo Van Rysselberghe

Nude, 1905
 Paul Cézanne – Vincent van Gogh – Paul Gauguin

Paul Cézanne Vincent van Gogh Paul Gauguin

Self Portrait with Palette, ca. 1890 Self Portrait, 1889 Self Portrait with Halo and Snake, 1889
 Cézanne is The Father
Of us All

Pablo Picasso

Paul Cézanne, Self Portrait, ca 1875

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 Nature by means of the cylinder, the sphere
and the cone

Paul Cézanne, The Bay Marseilles, seen from L’Estaque, 1885

Paul Cézanne, Farm in Auvers, 1874

Portraits and genre scenes

Paul Cézanne, The Card Players, 1892-93

Paul Cézanne
The Smoker, ca. 1890–92 21
 Pablo Picasso, Portrait of Gertrude Stein, 1905-06

Paul Cézanne, Portrait of

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Madame Cézanne in a Red Armchair ca. 1877
Bathers

Paul Cézanne, Five Bathers, 1877-78 Paul Cézanne, The Large Bathers, ca. 1898
Still Lives

Paul Cézanne, Still life with apples

ca. 1875-77

Paul Cézanne, Still life

with basket of apples
Paul Cézanne, Fruit, 1879-80 ca. 1890-1894
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Landscapes

Cézanne, Mont Sainte-Victoire, 1888-1905

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Paul Cézanne, Study of Trees, 1906 Paul Cézanne, The Garden of the Lauves, ca. 1906
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 Vincent van Gogh
You see, for my work, I risk my life

Letter from Vincent van Gogh to his brother Theo

September 1881

Vincent van Gogh, Self Portrait with Felt Hat, 1888

Early work: The Netherlands and The Borinage

Vincent van Gogh, Drawing in the Borinage, 1879-80 Leaving the Reformed Church
at Nuenen, 1884-85
 Vincent van Gogh, Shoes, 1886-87

Vincent van Gogh, The Potato Eaters, 1885

Vincent van Gogh in Paris: 1886-1888

Paris is Paris,
there is only one
Paris, and no
matter how hard
life is here, the
French air keeps
the mind clear
and does you
good [...].

Vincent van Gogh

1886

Vincent van Gogh, Street in Paris, 1886 30

Changing uses of colours, changing brush strokes

Vincent van Gogh, View from Vincent’s Studio, 1886 Vincent van Gogh, View from
Theo’s apartment, 1887 31
The Provence and Arles: 1888 - 1890

Vincent van Gogh, The Yellow House, 1888 Vincent van Gogh, L’Arlésienne, 1888
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Quick evolution in expression, brushstrokes, subjects, colours > proto-expressionism

Café terrace at Place du Forum Sunflowers, 1889 Country Road with Cypress, 1890
Arles, 1888
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 Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin in the Provence

Vincent van Gogh, Portrait of Gauguin, 1888 Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh Painting Sunflowers, 1888

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 Paul Gauguin, Night Café in Arles, 1888
Paul Gauguin, Farm in Arles, 1888 35
Vincent van Gogh, Portrait of Dr. Gachet, 1890 36
Vincent van Gogh, Wheat Field with Crows, 1890