ART.

10 1987
LOCAL
GOVERNMENT
UNIT
Source: Https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dianne_Despi/publication/265226283/figure/fig1/AS:669409819496449@1536611146161/Structure-of-Local-Governments-in-the-Philippines.png
LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT
NATIONAL
PRESIDENT
GOVERNMENT

PROVINCES GOVERNOR

CITIES /
MUNICIPALITIE MAYOR
S
BARANGAYS BARANGAY
CAPTAIN
 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT
 lowest sector of the executive branch
 Local Government Units (LGU’s), it is
composed territorial and political
subdivisions categorized as provinces, cities,
municipalities, and barangays.
 Article X of the 1987 Constitution granted the
LGU’s local autonomy under the concept of
decentralization.
DECENTRALIZATIO
N
 Decentralization of powers

 refers to the transfer of authority,

decision-making, and administrative
responsibilities from a central or
higher level of government to lower or
local levels.
 Administrative and Political
Autonomy
Administrative Autonomy
is decentralization of administrative when
the central government delegates
administrative power to political
subdivisions in order to broaden the
base of government power.
 The President of the Philippines through the
Department of Interior and Local
Government (DILG) exercises general
supervision over all LGU’s. The Local
Government Code of 1991 (RA 7160)
provides basis for administration of the
LGU’s.
 SUPERVISION OF
LGU’S
The Constitution expressly grants to
the President supervisory over local
government through the Department
of Interior and Local Government
(DILG).
 THREE CONSIDERATIONS IN CREATING
LOCAL GOVT UNIT

(a) Income

(b) Population

(c) Land Area

 Creation and Conversion
of Local Government

(a) Income - It must be sufficient, based on

acceptable standards, to provide for all essential
government facilities and services and special
functions commensurate with the size of its
population, as expected of the local government
unit concerned;
 Creation and Conversion
of Local Government

(b) Population - It shall be determined as the

total number of inhabitants within the
territorial jurisdiction of the local government
unit concerned; and
 Creation and Conversion
of Local Government

(c) Land Area - It must be contiguous unless it comprises

two or more islands or is separated by a local government unit
independent of the others; properly identified by metes and bounds
with technical descriptions; and sufficient to provide for such basic
services and facilities to meet the requirements of its populace.
Compliance with the foregoing indicators shall be attested to by the
Department of Finance (DOF), the National Statistics Office (NSO),
and the Lands Management Bureau (LMB) of the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources (DENR).
roles and functions of the LGU’s

 Sec.48 Local Legislation:

• Sangguniang Panlalawigan (Provincial Board): Enacts
ordinances and resolutions at the provincial level.
• Sangguniang Panlungsod (City Council) and
Sangguniang Bayan (Municipal Council): Enacts
ordinances and resolutions at the city or municipal level.
 Local legislation

 SECTION 49. Presiding Officer. - (a) The vice-

governor shall be the presiding officer of the
Sangguniang Panlalawigan; the city vice-mayor, of
the Sangguniang Panlungsod; the municipal vice-
mayor, of the Sangguniang bayan; and the Punong
Barangay, of the Sangguniang Barangay. The
presiding officer shall vote only to break a tie.
 SECTION 30. Review of Executive Orders.

 (a) Except as otherwise provided under the Constitution and special statutes, the
governor shall review all executive orders promulgated by the component city or
municipal Mayor within his jurisdiction. The city or municipal Mayor shall review
all executive orders promulgated by the Punong Barangay within his jurisdiction.
Copies of such orders shall be forwarded to the governor or the city or municipal
Mayor, as the case may be, within three (3) days from their issuance. In all
instances of review, the local chief executive concerned shall ensure that such
executive orders are within the powers granted by law and in conformity with
provincial, city, or municipal ordinances
 (b) If the governor or the city or municipal Mayor fails to act on said
executive orders within thirty (30) days after their submission, the same shall
be deemed consistent with law and therefore valid.
 SECTION 54. Approval of Ordinances. -
 (a) Every ordinance enacted by the Sangguniang Panlalawigan,
Sangguniang Panlungsod, or Sangguniang bayan shall be presented
to the provincial governor or city or municipal mayor, as the case
may be. If the local chief executive concerned approves the same,
he shall affix his signature on each and every page thereof;
otherwise, he shall veto it and return the same with his objections to
the Sanggunian, which may proceed to reconsider the same. The
Sanggunian concerned may override the veto of the local chief
executive by two-thirds (2/3) vote of all its members, thereby
making the ordinance or resolution effective for all legal intents and
purposes.
SECTION 54. Approval of Ordinances.

 (b) The veto shall be communicated by the

local chief executive concerned to the
Sanggunian within fifteen (15) days in the
case of a province, and ten (10) days in the
case of a city or a municipality; otherwise, the
ordinance shall be deemed approved as if he
had signed it.
SECTION 54. Approval of Ordinances. -

 (c) ordinances enacted by the

Sangguniang Barangay shall, upon
approval by the majority of all its
members, be signed by the Punong
Barangay.
SECTION 57. Review of Barangay Ordinances by the
Sangguniang Panlungsod or Sangguniang Bayan

 . - (a) Within ten (10) days after its enactment, the

Sangguniang Barangay shall furnish copies of all
Barangay ordinances to the Sangguniang
Panlungsod or Sangguniang bayan concerned for
review as to whether the ordinance is consistent
with law and city or municipal ordinances.
 SECTION 57. Review of Barangay Ordinances by
the Sangguniang Panlungsod or Sangguniang Bayan

 b) If the Sangguniang Panlungsod or

Sangguniang bayan, as the case may be, fails
to take action on Barangay ordinances within
thirty (30) days from receipt thereof, the
same shall be deemed approved.
 SECTION 57. Review of Barangay Ordinances by
the Sangguniang Panlungsod or Sangguniang Bayan
 c) If the Sangguniang Panlungsod or Sangguniang bayan, as the case
may be, finds the Barangay ordinances inconsistent with law or city
or municipal ordinances, the Sanggunian concerned shall, within
thirty (30) days from receipt thereof, return the same with its
comments and recommendations to the Sangguniang Barangay
concerned for adjustment, amendment, or modification; in which
case, the effectivity of the Barangay ordinance is suspended until
such time as the revision called for is effected.
 SEC.09-Creation and Conversion
of Local Government

A law may abolish a local government unit when its

income, population, or land area has been permanently
reduced to less than the minimum standards prescribed for
its creation. The law or ordinance abolishing a local
government unit shall specify the province, city,
municipality, or Barangay with which the local government
unit sought to be abolished will be incorporated or merged.
 SEC.10-LOCAL GOVERNMENT
UNIT
 No local government can be created, divided, and merged without
the approval of majority of constituents cast through a plebiscite
called in the purpose of the political unit/s directly affected. It shall
be conducted by the Commission on Election within 120 days
from the date of effectivity of the ordinance authorizing the
plebiscite.
 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT
 “Is the lowest level of elected
territorial organization within a state”
that has the dual function of providing
local public services and implementing
national welfare policies.
 LOCAL GOVERNMENT
 Constitutes the foundation of the entire
structure of the government.
 The acts of the LGU’s affects the
ordinary citizen more directly than
those of the national government.
 LOCAL GOVERNMENT
 The President of the Philippines
exercises supervision over the whole
country. But for the purpose of
administrative control, The Philippines
is divided into units of different sizes –
known as political subdivision.
PROVINCE

 The largest political unit in the

Philippines.
 It provides supervision to the
municipalities and component cities
and under it and performing services
for the national government.
PROVINCE

There are 81Provinces

in the Philippines
 MUNICIPALITY

 The public corporation created by an act

and is govern by the Municipality Law.
 It consist of a group of barangay and
Code provides that the municipality
must serve “for the coordination and
delivery of basic, regular and direct
services “ to its inhabitants.
MUNICIPALITY

 There are 1,488 in all. municipalities

in the Philippines
 The elective officials are:
 Mayor
 Vice Mayor
 Councilor
BARANGAY

 The smallest units of the local

government
 42,029 Barangay in the Philippines
BARANGAY

 The elective Official

 Barangay Captain
 Barangay Councilors
What do you think is the
most important function
of the Local Government
Unit in our country?
responsible for providing
direct and basic services
to the people and
ensuring peace and
order within
communities
 THE LGU’S ASSIST THE NATIONAL
GOVERNMENT ON THE FOLLOWING:

 1. efficient service delivery,

 2. management of the environment
 3. economic development,
 4. poverty alleviation.
Citizen and Good
Governance
Directions: Provide five (5) specific
suggestions addressed to a local
executive (City mayor and/ or Barangay
Captain) towards good governance in
implementing curfew for the youth.
roles and functions of the LGU’s

 Development Planning:
• Local Development Council (LDC):
Formulates development plans and policies
to address the economic, social, and
environmental needs of the community.
 roles and functions of the LGU’s

 Fiscal Management:
• Power to Levy Taxes, Fees, and Charges:
- authority to impose and collect taxes, fees, and charges
within their jurisdiction, subject to certain limitations set by
law
• Budgetary Powers:
- preparation, enactment, and approval of the annual budget.
roles and functions of the LGU’s

 Local Economic Enterprise:

• Operation of Public Utilities and Economic
Enterprises:
Engage in economic activities, including the
operation of public utilities, markets, and
slaughterhouses.
roles and functions of the LGU’s

 Local Public Services:

• Delivery of Basic Services:
- responsible for providing essential services such
as health, education, social welfare, and public
safety within their territories
roles and functions of the LGU’s

 Community Peace and Order:

• Maintenance of Peace and Order:
- responsible for the maintenance of public
order and safety within their localities.
roles and functions of the LGU’s

 Barangay Governance:
• Barangay Assembly and Sangguniang
Barangay: The smallest political unit,
responsible for local governance at the
grassroots level.
THREE Important
POWERS OF THE
LGU’s
THREE Important POWERS OF THE
LGU’s
1.Eminent Domain:
Power to acquire/ to take private property/ land for public use/
purposes such as infrastructure development, public buildings,
or other community projects, provided that just compensation is
given to the property owner.

Limitations: subject to legal procedures and safeguards to

ensure fairness and protection of property rights
 THREE IMPORTANT POWERS OF
THE LGU’S
2. Police Power
 Authority to regulate and control certain activities and behaviors to
promote public health, safety, morals, and general welfare.
 Power to enact ordinances and regulations to address local issues related
to public order, health, sanitation, and safety. This may include zoning
ordinances, traffic regulations, and public health measures.

•Limitations: It must be exercised reasonably, without unduly infringing on

individual rights, and must be within the bounds of existing laws.
 THREE IMPORTANT POWERS OF
THE LGU’S
3.Taxation Power:
Authority to impose and collect taxes for the purpose of generating
revenue to fund public services and projects. This includes real
property taxes, business taxes, and other local levies.

Limitations: It is subject to limitations set by law. Taxes must be

imposed for a public purpose, and the rates must be reasonable and
equitable. The Local Government Code outlines the scope and
limitations of the taxation powers of LGUs.
 QUALIFICATIONS
 An elective local official must be a citizen of the
Philippines;
 a registered voter in the Barangay, municipality, city, or
province or, in the case of a member of the Sangguniang
Panlalawigan, Sangguniang Panlungsod, or Sanggunian
bayan, the district where he intends to be elected;
 a resident therein for at least one (1) year immediately
preceding the day of the election;
 and able to read and write Filipino or any other local
language or dialect.
QUALIFICATIONS

 Candidates for the position of governor, vice-

governor or member of the Sangguniang
Panlalawigan, or Mayor, vice-mayor or member 22
of the Sangguniang Panlungsod of highly
urbanized cities must be at least twenty-three (23)
years of age on election day.
QUALIFICATIONS
 Candidates for the position of Mayor or
vice-mayor of independent component
cities, component cities, municipalities
must be at least twenty-one (21) years of
age on election day.
QUALIFICATIONS
 Candidates for the position of
member of the Sangguniang
Panlungsod or Sangguniang bayan
must be at least eighteen (18) years
of age on election day.
QUALIFICATIONS
 Candidates for the position of
Punong Barangay or member of the
Sangguniang Barangay must be at
least eighteen (18) years of age on
election day.