Chapter 4

Data Storage and Retrieve

 Android data storage

Android provides several options for you to save persistent application
data.

Storing the data persistently-Introducing the Data Storage Options:

Preferences,

Internal Storage,

External Storage,

SQLite database

Firebase ,
 
Android Preferences


Android shared preference is used to store and retrieve
primitive information. In android,

string, integer, long, number etc. are considered as primitive
data type.

Android Shared preferences are used to store data in key and
value pair so that we can retrieve the value on the basis of
key.
 How can access them

To get a shared preferences object for your
application, use two methods

getSharedprefernces(int mode)

getpreferences(String name,int mode)
 Modes

Modes refer to operating modes

Use 0 or MODE_PRIVATE for the default operation

MODE_PRIVATE :only your app can access the file.

MODE_WORLD_READABLE:All apps can read the file.

MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE:All apps can write the
file.
 Uses

Check whether user is using your app

Check when your app was last updated

Remember user setting

Remember user Credential

Location caching
 How to use shared preferences to
store data

1.Get a references to a shared preference object

For a single file =>getpreferences(int mode)

For a several file=>getsharedPreferences(String name,int mode)

2. Call the editor

SharedPreferences.Editor ed =sharedpreferences.edit();

3.use the edtior to add the data with the key

ed.putString(“key”,”value”);

ed.puString(“key”,”value”);

4 Commit Editor changes

ed.commit(); OR ed.apply();

 How to use shared preferences to
retrieve data

1. Get a reference to a shared preferences object

getPreferences(int mode)

getSharedPreferences(String name ,int mode)

2.Use the key provided earlier to get data

3.Supply the default value if the data is not found

String name=sharedPreferences,getString(“name”,”N/A”);

String password=sharedPreferences.getString(“password,”N/A”);
 Internal storage

In android we can even save fils directly on the
devices internal storage

By default, files saved to the internal storage
are application cannot access them.

When the user uninstalls your application.
These files are removed.
 Con’t

What kind of data can be stored in internal
storage

The type of data involves things such as a
text,file, image video file, audio file etc
 External Storage

Like internal storage , we are able to save or read
data from the device external memory such as
sdcard.

Files saved to the external storage are world
readable and can be modified by the user when
they enable USB mass storage to transfer files on
a computer.
 
Android - SQLite Database

SQLite is a opensource SQL database that stores data to a text file on a
device. Android comes

in with built in SQLite database implementation.

SQLite supports all the relational database features. In order to access
this database, you

don't need to establish any kind of connections for it like JDBC,ODBC
e.t.c



 
What is SQLite?

SQLite is an in-process library that implements a self-contained,
server less, zero-configuration, transactional SQL database
engine. It is the one database, which is zero-configured, that
means like other database you do not need to configure it in your
system.

SQLite engine is not a standalone process like other databases,
you can link it statically or

dynamically as per your requirement with your application. The
SQLite accesses its storage files directly.
 Why SQLite?

SQLite does not require a separate server process or system to operate.
(serverless).

SQLite comes with zero-configuration, which means no setup or
administration

needed.

A complete SQLite database is stored in a single cross-platform disk file.

SQLite is very small and light weight, less than 400KiB fully configured or
less than 250KiB with optional features omitted.

SQLite is self-contained, which means no external dependencies.
 Con’t

SQLite transactions are fully ACID-compliant, allowing safe access from multiple

processes or threads.

SQLite supports most of the query language features found in the SQL92 (SQL2)

standard.

SQLite is written in ANSI-C and provides simple and easy-to-use API.

SQLite is available on UNIX (Linux, Mac OS-X, Android, iOS) and Windows
(Win32,

WinCE, WinRT).
 SQLite Limitation

There are few unsupported features of SQL92 in SQLite which are shown below:

Feature Description

RIGHT=======================>Only LEFT OUTER JOIN is implemented.

OUTER

JOIN

FULL==========================>Only LEFT OUTER JOIN is implemented.

OUTER

JOIN

ALTER======================>The RENAME TABLE and ADD COLUMN variants of the

TABLEALTER=================> TABLE command are supported. The DROP

COLUMN, ALTER COLUMN, ADD CONSTRAINT not supported
 Con’t

TriggerFOR EACH ROW triggers are supported but not FOR

supportEACH STATEMENT triggers.

VIEWsVIEWs in SQLite are read-only. You may not execute a

DELETE, INSERT, or UPDATE statement on a view.

GRANT and The only access permissions that can be applied are the

REVOKE

normal file access permissions of the underlying

operating system.
 
SQLite Commands:

The standard SQLite commands to interact with
relational databases are similar as SQL.

They are CREATE, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE,
DELETE and DROP. These commands can be

classified into groups based on their operational nature:

DDL - Data Definition Language:
 
Command and Description


CREATECreates a new table, a view of a table, or other
object in database

ALTERModifies an existing database object, such as a table.

DROPDeletes an entire table, a view of a table or other
object in the

database.
 Con’t

DML - Data Manipulation Language:

INSERT=====>Creates a record

UPDATE=====>Modifies records

DELETE=====>Deletes records

DQL - Data Query Language:

SELECT Retrieves certain records from one or more tables
Firebase
 Source Code


Refer your materials

Thank You