Chapter 13 Trade and Expansion

Anousha khan
P-1 A
Bahria College Anchorage
 In this Topic:

Introduction: Portugal: Treat of Torgesillas:

And so on
 Introduction:
Europeans sail all over the world

Where the Europeans monarchs were?

• In 1400, among the great powers of the

world. Nowhere really the most powerful
rulers by far were in Asia.

• The first was the Ming Emperor of Chine.

Then came Timur the Lame terrifying
Asia(though briefly from Samarkand.
 Who was Toscanelli?

• In Florence,there was a clever

mathematician and astronomer,
Toscanelli(1397-1482),who was
sure that the world was round and
had drawn a map showing the
indies on the opposite side of the
Atlantic Ocean to Spain and
Portugal.Columbus knew of this
map.
 Protugal

• The first nation to begin serious

exploration was Protugal, situated on the
western edge of Europe and close to
Africa.The Portuguese kings sent their
ships south down the African coast,
where they hoped to spread Christianity.

• The main who organized this exploration

was Prince Henry, a member of the
Portuguese royal family.
 Treaty of Tordesillas

• By the Treaty of Tordesillas of

1494, the Pope divided the
world between Spain and
Portugal. The dividing line ran
from north to south about 2000
km west of the Cape Verde
islands. The lands to the west
went to spain, the lands to the
east to Portugal.
 Spain,Christopher Columbus and The new
World
• Where Portugal led, neighbouring Spain
quicklt followed. Ferdinand and
Isabella,devout Christian rulers of their
newly- united kingdoms in Spain, were
keen to continue their task spreading
Christainity.

• Christopher Columbus who was sure that

he could reach the Indies by sailing west
rather than east.He set sail with three
small ships in 1492 and as he expected did
find land-islands now known as the West Vasco Da Gama landing at Calicut,1498.
Indies.
Any Questions?