Introduction to Clinical

Teaching
Clinical teaching is a crucial aspect of medical education, offering students
hands-on experience in real-life patient care settings. It involves the application
of theoretical knowledge in practical scenarios, allowing students to develop
clinical reasoning skills and professional behavior.

Lukumay, G. MSc.PHEC, BScN, RN

Adults Learn Better When...

1 Relevance 2 Active Participation

Learning is relevant to their current job or They actively participate in the learning
personal life, making clinical teaching highly process, as facilitated by clinical teaching
effective for medical professionals. methods involving direct patient care.

3 Experience-Based Learning 4 Problem-Solving

They can relate new information to their They are encouraged to solve real-world
existing experiences and knowledge, a key problems, a foundational principle of clinical
feature of clinical teaching. teaching.
Clinical vs Classroom Teaching
Engagement
While classroom teaching is
important for theoretical learning,
clinical teaching ensures active
engagement through practical
application and interaction with
patients.
Real-Life Scenarios
Clinical teaching provides
exposure to real-life medical
scenarios, enabling students to
witness and participate in the
diagnosis and treatment of
patients.
Critical Thinking
In clinical teaching, students
develop critical thinking skills by
applying theoretical knowledge to
solve complex medical cases.
Active Learning Techniques in Clinical
Teaching
Simulation
Using simulators and virtual scenarios to
replicate real clinical situations, allowing
students to apply theoretical knowledge in
practice.
Role-Playing
Engaging students in role-play activities to
simulate patient interactions, enhancing
their communication and interpersonal
skills.

Small Group Discussions

Encouraging peer-to-peer teaching and collaborative problem-solving exercises to foster active
and meaningful learning.
Purpose of Clinical Teaching Approaches

Skill Development Professionalism Competency Building

Enhancing students' clinical
skills, promoting critical
thinking, problem-solving, and
decision-making abilities
through practical learning
experiences.
Fostering professional attitudes,
ethical conduct, and effective
communication skills essential
for successful medical practice.
Developing students'
competence in patient care,
diagnosis, treatment, and
management of various medical
conditions.
Importance of Clinical Teaching

Professional Development
Experiential Learning
Helps students develop clinical skills,
Allows students to apply theoretical professional behavior, and ethical values.
knowledge in real-world contexts.

Patient Care Improvement

Contributes to the development of competent and compassionate healthcare professionals.

Evidence-Based Practice
It encourages evidence-based practice, as students learn to apply research findings to patient
care in real-world scenarios.
Steps in Clinical Teaching

1 Planning
Identify the learning objectives and create a lesson plan.

2 Implementation
Engage students in clinical activities while providing guidance.

3 Evaluation
Assess students' performance and provide constructive feedback.
Models of Clinical Teaching Approaches

1 Preceptorship Model
A well-experienced clinician mentors and guides students in real clinical settings,
providing hands-on learning experiences.

2 Team-based Learning
Utilizes collaborative small group activities to encourage problem-solving and
enhance communication and teamwork skills.

3 Problem-based Learning
Students work in groups to solve complex clinical cases, promoting self-directed
learning and critical thinking.
Clinical Teaching Methods
1 Demonstration 2 Bedside Teaching
It teaches by exhibition and Direct interaction with patients to
explanation. enhance clinical skills and empathetic
care.

3 Simulation Training
Use of high-fidelity medical simulators to mimic real clinical situations.

4 Case study 5 Nursing round

Nursing case study is the blueprint of
nursing care rendered by a nursing Nursing Rounds is an excursion into patient’s
student to a selected patient. area involving the students learning experiences
Simulation-Based Learning in Clinical
Teaching
1 High-Fidelity Simulations
High-fidelity simulations replicate real clinical scenarios, providing students with realistic
experiences in a safe and controlled environment.

2 Virtual Reality Training

Virtual reality training allows students to immerse themselves in simulated medical
environments, enhancing their procedural and diagnostic skills.

3 Task Trainers and Mannequins

Task trainers and mannequins are used to practice procedures and interventions, allowing
students to refine their clinical skills through hands-on practice.
Role-Playing in Clinical Teaching

Emotional Intelligence
Confidence Building

Simulations build confidence

Role-playing exercises help
and readiness for real-world
students develop empathy and
patient care experiences.
interpersonal skills crucial for
patient interaction.
Case-based Learning in Clinical Education

1 Real-life Scenarios 2 Diagnostic Skills 3 Decision Making

Presenting students with
authentic clinical cases to
analyze, diagnose, and
propose suitable treatment
plans, enhancing their
critical thinking abilities.
Developing students'
abilities to interpret
symptoms, make accurate
diagnoses, and provide
evidence-based care
through case-based
learning.
Challenging students to
make informed decisions,
weigh alternatives, and
prioritize actions based on
the presented case
scenarios.
Guidelines for Selection of Clinical
Teaching Method
Understand Learning Objectives
Align the method with the specific knowledge and skills to be taught.

Consider Student Background

Take into account students' prior knowledge and learning styles.

Assess Available Resources

Evaluate the facilities, technology, and faculty expertise for the chosen method.
Best Clinical Teaching Practices
Feedback Integration
Provide timely and constructive feedback
to ensure continuous improvement.
1 Active Engagement
Encourage student
participation and interaction
2 during clinical sessions.
3 Reflective Practice
Promote self-assessment and critical
reflection for enhanced learning outcomes.
Best Clinical Teaching Practices
Continual Improvement Evidence-based Methods

Utilizing teaching practices supported

by evidence, research, and proven
Adapting teaching approaches effectiveness for quality educational
based on innovation, new outcomes.
research, and advancements in
medical education for
continuous enhancement.
Feedback and Assessment in Clinical
Teaching
Constructive Feedback Formative Assessment Peer Evaluation

Peer evaluation encourages

Constructive feedback provides
valuable insights and guidance,
helping students identify areas
for improvement and refine their
clinical skills.
Formative assessments assess
students' progress and learning
needs, guiding instructional
strategies and promoting
continuous improvement.
students to provide feedback to
their peers, promoting self-
reflection and enhancing their
ability to recognize clinical
competencies.
Technology in Clinical Teaching
Interactive Simulations
Interactive simulations leverage technology to create immersive and interactive
learning experiences for students in clinical practice.

Telemedicine and Telehealth

Telemedicine and telehealth technologies enable remote clinical learning experiences,
expanding access to education and patient care opportunities.

E-Learning Platforms
E-learning platforms offer a wide range of educational resources and digital tools to
support clinical teaching and learning activities.
Conclusion and Key Takeaways
Student-Centered
Learning
Focus on student needs and
engagement for effective
clinical education outcomes.
Lifelong Learning
Mindset
Instill a commitment to
continuous learning and
professional growth among
future healthcare providers.
Innovation and
Adaptability
Embrace evolving teaching
methods and technologies to
prepare students for modern
healthcare challenges.
 REFERENCES
Features and uses of high-fidelity medical simulations that lead to effective learning: a
BEME systematic review. Issenberg, McGaghie, Petrusa, Gordon and Scalese. Medical
Teacher, vol 27, 2005, p 10-28.
Loyd GE, Lake CL, Greenberg RB. Practical Health Care Simulations. Philadelphia, PA.
Elsevier-Mosby. 2004.
Bond WF, Spillane L, for the CORD Core Competencies Simulation Group: The use of
simulation for emergency medicine resident assessment. Acad Emerg Med 2002;9:1295-
1299.
ACGME Resources
www.acgme.org/Outcome/assess/Toolbox.pdf
www.acgme.org/Outcome/assess/ToolTable.pdf