THE CARPENTERS

GROUP
John Vincent S. Paz and Natalie T. De Castro Group
 AFRICAN REVOLUTION

 Algerian Revolution or Algerian War (1954–62) Angolan War of Independence or

Angolan Revolution (1961–74) Egyptian Revolution of 1919.
 The War in Algeria: Islam: The Portrait of an
Intellectual

 Not only are the people of Algeria underemployed and undernourished, but they are frustrated in almost
every attempt to escape as individuals from the dismal fate of idleness. Like the conquered Poles in Hitler’s
Germanic Empire, the Mohammedans of Algeria seem to be systematically denied any education or training
in the skills of Western technology; they have practically no Arabic schools of their own or Arabic press, but
at the same time so few French schools, especially in the inland mountainous areas, that they are deprived of
almost every opportunity to acquire French culture as an alternative to Arab culture.
 The result of such a situation is that a very limited class of privileged Moslem stooges, known in
Algiers slang as the Benoui-oui or “sons of yes-yes,” acquires a French education and becomes
associated with the French in exploiting the population. Only from time to time does an Arab with a
thoroughly French education have enough character and idealism to escape this moral and intellectual
degradation and to risk his freedom and perhaps his life in behalf of his less privileged coreligionists.
Of such political leaders, Algeria has already had a few in recent years; now it also has an intellectual
leader who has developed in French a philosophy of colonialism that explains it primarily in terms of
the weaknesses of a Moslem order which failed to achieve its own proclaimed social aims and allowed
itself to become what Malek Bennabi, the theologian and philosopher who is the author of this
remarkable work, calls “colonizable.”
 Algerian War of Independence

 The Algerian War of Independence was the period beginning with the conflict initiated
by the Front de Libération Nationale (FLN) in 1954 and ending with the establishment
of Algeria as an independent and sovereign state in 1962.
 The Algerian War of Independence was one of the most monumental wars of the anti-
colonial period. Whilst those fighting on the Algerian side had a variety of ideological
differences, Algerian nationalism served as a unifier amongst all those who fought
against the French.
 The conquest of Algeria

 France invaded Algeria in 1830. This invasion was incredibly violent and included the
massacre, rape, and torture of Algerians. In fact, the French conquest of Algeria in the
nineteenth century resulted in the deaths of almost a third of the Algerian population.
 In 1848, Algeria was made a department of France. The overseas departments and
regions of France are those that lie outside of mainland France. In theory, overseas
departments have the same status as mainland France’s regions and departments.
However, in practice, many overseas departments are treated like colonies with very
limited rights.
 2000s Controversies

 General Jacques Massu, military chief of Algier, had defended the use of
torture in his 1972 book, The True Battle of Algiers (La vraie bataille
d'Alger). He later declared to Le Monde in 2000 that "torture was not
necessary and that we could have decided not to use it".
 Two days after the visit to France of Algerian president Abdelaziz Bouteflika,
Louisette Ighilahriz, a former Armée de Libération Nationale activist,
published her testimony in Le Monde on 20 June 2000. At the age of twenty
she had been captured in September 1957, during the Battle of Algiers, and
raped and tortured for three months. She named General Massu as the
responsible of the French military at the time. Massu, 94 years old,
acknowledged Ighilahriz's testimony and declared to 'Le Monde' that
"Torture isn't indispensable in times of war, and one can very well do
without it. When l look back on Algeria, it saddens me... One could have
done things differently." To the contrary, General Bigeard (then Colonel)
called her remarks a "tissue of lies", while Aussaresses justified it
DURING WAR