27/01/2024

MICRO/NANOTECHNOLOGY
FOR WASTE MANAGEMENT

Under the supervision of

Prof. Dipankar Bandyopadhyay

27/01/2024 Chemical Engineering Department
IIT Guwahati

Bhawani Shankar(234107002)
Harendra Singh (234107007)

Yeshudan Bora (210107097)

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INTRODUCTION

Nanotechnology
 Nanotechnology is the branch of.
science devoted to designing,
producing devices and systems by
manipulating atoms and molecules at
nanoscale.

 Materials at nanoscale: 1 to 100

nanometers.

Size of objects. (Courtesy: Internet)

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MICRO/NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR WASTE
MANAGEMENT

 Waste is an unavoidable by-

product of numerous human
activities.
 Various components of waste
cause health and environmental
problems so it is required to
control waste.
 There are several
technologies/nano materials
developed for waste management.
 Ex. Nano filters, nano catalyst,
nano sensors etc.

(Ajith et al., 2021;Yaqoob et al., 2020)

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WHY NANO TECHNOLOGY ?

NANO TECHNOLOGY OTHER METHODS

Cost Very less High

Effectiveness High Moderate

Environment Green technology Pollute

friendly to environment

Recycle Easily Reusable Use and Throw

Weight of Material Light Heavy

Strength Very high Moderate

Examples Nano filter , Nano Land fills

Sensors etc

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IMPORTANCE OF NANO IN WASTE MANAGEMENT

 Various types of dangerous organic

and inorganic pollutants are entered
into the water, soil, and air by
industrial and urban waste.
 It is impossible to remove these
pollutants simply by existing
technologies.
 Therefore, employing modern
technologies such as nanotechnology
could have an important role in
solving this problem.

(Jadhav et al., 2015; Zamora-Ledezma et al., 2021).

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Waste Water Air Pollution

Treatment

Nanotechnology

Biomedical
Agricultural Waste
Waste

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APPLICATIONS
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NANO-FILTERS
 Effective in removing. various pollutants: anions,
cations, arsenic, chromium, and pathogens.
 Nanofilters can remove 60-70% of COD and 50%
of ammonium in leachate.
 Does not require additional chemicals or reducing
transportation and disposal costs
 Nanofiltration membranes can face fouling,
affecting performance.
 Cleaning or replacing membranes is expensive
that’s why Fullerenes are suggested to prevent
biological fouling.
 Fullerenes Act as membrane antifouling agents.

(Courtesy: Internet)

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APPLICATIONS

NANO-SENSORS

Nano sensors are very small tools that can detect

and respond to stimulants at the scale of one
nanometer.
Sensors produced at the nanoscale dimensions
have extraordinary sensitivity, and they have
selective function.
One application of nano sensors is controlling the
unpleasant odor of water after treatment.
Many compounds have been identified in odors
resulting from wastewater treatment, including
reduced compounds of sulfur or nitrogen, organic
acids, aldehydes, or ketones.

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PROPOSAL

PREPARATION OF NANO-TITANIUM OXIDE PHOTOCATALYST FOR

WASTE WATER TREATMENT

PROBLEM STATEMENT:-

 Textile industry outlet waste water contain a several mixture of polluting substances involving solvents, detergents and
dyes. Effluent from dye houses contain high concentrations of both inorganic and organic chemicals.
OLD TREATMENT TECHNIQUES AND PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH IT:-

 Usually Physical or chemical processes are used to treat them. However, these processes are costly and cannot be
used effectively to treat the wide range of dye wastewater.

 Ultra Filtration (UF), Nano Filtration (NF) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) techniques are used for the full scale
treatment of waste water. The membrane surface can be contaminated and its pores can be clogged by the materials
in waste water thereby decreasing flux.

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PROPOSAL

PREPARATION OF NANO-TITANIUM OXIDE PHOTOCATALYST FOR

WASTE WATER TREATMENT

OUR PROPOSAL:-

 A pre-treatment process before waste water is treated with membranes for removing the materials from the feed
solution that give rise to the membrane fouling.

 Developing nano-titanium dioxide photocatalyst particles for pre-treatment of the waste water.

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CONCLUSIONS

 At the nanoscale, material properties are

subject to many changes. This has
advantages that can lead to good results,
including the development of compatibility
with the environment.
 Considering the advantages and various
applications of nanotechnology, it can be
used in global plans in various
environmental areas such as controlling and
reducing air pollution, combating with
water shortage problems, management of
wastes, and other cases as modern science.

 On the other hand, change in the

properties at nanoscale faces the
prediction and identification of safety and
environmental risks with challenges.
Therefore, in using the nanotechnology, its
possible risks should be considered.

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REFERENCES

1. Nanotechnologies - Guidelines for the Management and Disposal of Waste from the
Manufacturing and Processing of Manufactured Nano-Objects (CEN/TS, 2018);
2. Report on Issues Related to Waste Containing Nanomaterials and Options for Further
Work Under the Basel Convention (UNEP, 2018);
3. Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes
and their Disposal (UNEP,2019)
4. Developing trends in nanomaterials and their environmental implications
5. Recent innovations of nanotechnology in water treatment: A comprehensive review

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Thank you.....

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