Ethical considerations in research are a set of principles that guide your research

designs and practices. Scientists and researchers must always adhere to a certain
code of conduct when collecting data from people.

The goals of human research often include understanding real-life phenomena,

studying effective treatments, investigating behaviors, and improving lives in other
ways. What you decide to research and how you conduct that research involve key
ethical considerations.

These considerations work to

• protect the rights of research participants

• enhance research validity
• maintain scientific or academic integrity
Ethical Considerations in Research
Informed Consent Confidentiality Data Integrity
Respecting the Protecting the privacy Ensuring the accuracy
autonomy of research of participants and and reliability of
participants by ensuring the research data through
ensuring they fully confidentiality of transparent and
understand and agree their personal ethical data collection
to participate. information and data. and analysis practices.
The Concept of Plagiarism
Plagiarism is the act of using someone else's work
without giving them proper credit, whether it's their
words, ideas, or creative expressions. It is a serious
ethical violation and academic offense that undermines
the principles of originality and honesty .
 Types of Plagiarism

Verbatim Plagiarism Paraphrasing Plagiarism Self-Plagiarism

Also known as direct
plagiarism. This type
involves directly copying
someone else's words and
presenting them as your
own without proper citation.
Paraphrasing without
crediting the original
source is also a form of
plagiarism, as it
misrepresents the source of
the information.
Reusing your own
previously submitted work
without permission or
acknowledgment is known
as self-plagiarism.
Consequences of Plagiarism
1 Academic Penalties 2 Professional Repercussions
Students may face failing Professionals who plagiarize
grades, suspension, or even can damage their reputation
expulsion for committing and face legal actions,
plagiarism. especially in fields like
journalism and academia.
3 Ethical Implications
Plagiarism undermines the integrity and trust within academic and
professional communities, impacting personal and institutional
credibility.
How to Avoid Plagiarism
Cite Sources Properly Use Quotations Check Your Work
Use the appropriate When directly quoting, Utilize plagiarism
citation style for your use quotation marks and detection tools to
field and ensure all provide an accurate review and verify the
sources are correctly citation for the original originality of your
attributed. source. work.
Proper Citation and Referencing
Select Appropriate Sources
Identify reliable and credible sources to support your
arguments and provide accurate references.

Understand Citation Styles

Familiarize yourself with the specific requirements of the
citation style (APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.) commonly used in
your discipline.
Include Complete References
Ensure that all sources are listed in the reference section with
the necessary details according to the chosen citation style.
Tools to Detect Plagiarism
Plagiarism Detection Internet Search Institutional Platforms
Software Engines Many educational
Specialized tools can Utilize search engines institutions provide
compare your work to cross-check access to plagiarism
with a vast database phrases and sentences detection services for
of sources to identify from your work to students and faculty
potential instances of uncover any matching members.
plagiarism. content on the web.
Academic Integrity Policies
1 Educational Campaigns
Institutions promote awareness and understanding of plagiarism
through educational initiatives and workshops.

2 Penalties and Appeals

Clear guidelines are established for handling plagiarism cases,
including penalties and procedures for appeals.

3 Support Resources
Students are provided with resources for proper citation, academic
writing, and ethical research practices.