MEDICON

Medicon – Healthoreum
ICF INTERNATIONAL

Diabetes & Kidney diseases

Dr SIRAJ MM- MBBS, MD
Types of Diabetes

Type 2
Type 1
(Resistance to action of
(Lack of Insulin) Insulin)

Diabetes

Secondary
Gestational
(As a result of other
(In Pregnancy) diseases or medicines)
Increased Risk of Diabetes
Symptoms of Diabetes
Recurrent infections in females

Blurring of vision

Non healing of wounds

Complications of Diabetes

Visual disturbance

Heart disease

Kidney failure

Diabetic foot
Criteria for Diagnosis
Treatment

Lifestyle modifications

Diet
Exercise
Meditation

Medicines
Insulin Injections
Exercise in Diabetes
Diet in Diabetes
Complications of Diabetes

Visual disturbance

Heart disease

Kidney failure

Diabetic foot
The type of kidney damage that can get worse over time and lead to kidney failure:
• Acute kidney disease
• Chronic kidney disease
• Kidney stones
• Kidney infection
 Feeling cold – when others are warm
 Shortness of breath – after very little effort
 Feeling faint, dizzy, or weak
 Trouble thinking clearly
Feeling very itchy
 Failing kidneys don't remove extra fluid which cause puffy face, swelling in hands
or feet
 Food tastes like metal – wastes in the blood can make food taste different
 Ammonia breath which cause bad breath
 Upset stomach, nausea, vomiting
 Loss of appetite
 Getting up during the night to make urine
 Foamy or bubbly urine
 Brown, red, or purple urine – urine may contain blood
 Pressure when you make urine – having difficulty in urinating
 A blood creatinine test helps to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by
measuring the level of creatinine in your blood.
 A blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test measures how much nitrogen from the waste
product urea is in your blood.
 A fasting blood glucose test is done to measure your blood sugar. High blood
sugar levels damage blood vessels in the kidneys.
 Blood tests measure levels of waste products and electrolytes in your blood that
should be removed by your kidneys.
 A blood test for parathyroid hormone (PTH) checks the level of PTH, which helps
control calcium and phosphorus levels.
 Urinalysis (UA) and a urine test for microalbumin, or other urine tests, can
measure protein in your urine.
 Imaging Tests like ultrasound and CT scan may be used to look for
abnormalities in
size or position of the kidneys
 Kidney Biopsy is done to evaluate the amount of damage that has occurred in the
kidney
Treatments usually consists of measures to help control signs and symptoms, reduce
complications, and slow progression of the kidney disease. They are:
 High blood pressure medications
 Medications to lower cholesterol levels
 Medications to treat anemia
 Medications to relieve swelling
 Medications to protect your bones
 A lower protein diet to minimize waste products in your blood

Treatment for end-stage kidney disease:

 Dialysis
 Kidney transplant
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can't always be prevented, but we can take steps to
reduce the chances of getting the condition.

 Stop smoking
 Healthy diet like a
low-salt, low-fat diet
 Cut down on alcohol
 Exercise regularly at
least for 30 minutes
 Be careful with
painkillers