CBL-1

Roll#77-96
A) PATHO-PHYSIOLOGY OF
DEVELOPMENT OF ACUTE
PANCREATITIS

• Acute Pancreatitis is a serious disease. It may be a complication

of mumps.
• A gallstone on its passage through the biliary tract, obstructs the
pancreatic duct, the impaired flow from exocrine pancreas
triggers acinar cells and causes duct cell damage.
• It may cause gastric stasis and vomiting. The autonomic supply
to the midgut may be affected resulting in paralytic ileus.
B) ANATOMICAL PARTS OF
PANCREAS

For descriptive purposes, pancreas is divided

into four parts:
1. Head of the pancreas alongwith the
Uncinate Process
2. Neck of the pancreas
3. Body of the pancreas
4. Tail of the pancreas
REALTIONS OF DIFFERENT PARTS
OF PANCREAS

HEAD:
3 Borders
• The superior border is overlapped by the first part of duodenum and is related
to the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery.
• The inferior border is related to the third part of duodenum and to the inferior
pancreaticoduodenal artery.
• The right lateral border is related to the second part of duodenum, the
terminal part of bile duct and the anastomoses between the two
pancreaticoduodenal arteries.
Two Surfaces

The anterior surface is related from above downwards, to:

• 1st part of duodenum
• Transverse colon
• Jejunum

The posterior surface is related to:

• Inferior vena cava
• Terminal parts of renal veins
• Right crus of diaphragm
• Bile duct

The Uncinate Process is related anteriorly to the superior mesenteric vessels, and
posteriorly to the aorta.
Neck Of The Pancreas

The anterior surface is related to:

1. Peritoneum
2. Pylorus

The posterior surface is related to:

3. The termination of superior mesenteric vein

4. The beginning of portal vein
Body Of The Pancreas

3 Borders

1. The anterior border provides attachment to the root of transverse mesocolon.

2. The superior border is related to the coeliac trunk, hepatic artery to the right,
and splenic artery to the left.
3. The inferior border is related to the superior mesenteric vessels at its right end.

3 Surfaces

4. The anterior surface is covered by peritoneum and is related to the lesser sac
and stomach
2. The posterior surface is devoid of peritoneum and is related to:

a) The aorta with the origin of superior mesenteric artery

b) Left crus of diaphragm
c) Left suprarenal gland
d) Left kidney
e) Left renal vessels
f) Splenic veins

3. The inferior surface is covered by peritoneum and is related to the

duodenojejunal flexure, coils of jejunum and the left colic flexure
Tail Of The Pancreas

It comes in contact with the lower part of the gastric surface of spleen.
C) BLOOD SUPPLY OF PANCREAS

ARTERIAL SUPPLY
1. Mainly by pancreatic branches of splenic artery,
2. The superior pancreaticoduodenal artery, and
3. The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery.
VENOUS SUPPLY
Veins drain into splenic, superior mesenteric and portal veins.