SACRAMENTS

What is Sacrament?

• It is an external or sensible sign,

instituted by Christ, which causes the
grace it signifies.
 Sacramentals

• Anything set apart or instituted by the

Church to excite good thoughts and to
increase devotion, and through these
movements of the heart to remit venial sin.
 Sacraments are the Work of God

• Ex Opere Operato: (from the work having been

done)

• Ex Opere Operantis: (from the work of the one

working)
 The 7 Sacraments

• 1. The Sacrament of Christian Initiation

• Baptism - Birth
• Confirmation - Growth
• Holy Eucharist -The Christian priesthood
• 2. The Sacraments of Healing

• Penance - Cure of Sickness

Anointing of the Sick - Preparation for

the
soul’s union with
God
 3. The Sacraments at the Service of
Communion

• Holy Orders - The Christian Priesthood

• Matrimony - The Christian Family
 2 Classifications

• 1. The Sacraments of the Living:

a. Confirmation d. Matrimony
b. Eucharist e. Anointing
of the Sick
c. Holy Orders
 The sacraments of the dead

•A. Baptism
•B. Penance
THE EFFECTS OF SACRAMENTS
 Blessed Pope Paul VI:

• Prima e duratissimo, poi e

consolatissimo (before, it is very
difficult, but after, it is very
consoling)
 What are the effects?

• Council of Trent: The sacraments confer

sanctifying grace (it is a free gift from God
producing supernatural participation in the
divine nature, and thus making us children
of God
3 sacraments that has indelible character

• Baptism
• Confirmation
• Holy Orders
 The Sacrament of Baptism
• It was commissioned before the Ascension, when Jesus commanded his
apostles.
• “Go therefore, and make them disciples of all nations, baptizing them in
the name of the Father and of the So.n, and of the Holy Spirit. Teaching
them to observe all that I have commanded you” (Mt. 28:19)
 What is Baptism?

• Originates from the Greek word Baptismos, meaning

Immersion
• It is also acknowledge as “Ianua Vitae Spiritualis”
meaning Door of the Spiritual Life
 The Missionary Mandate

• 1. GO
• 2. BAPTIZE
• 3. TEACH
Is Baptism Necessary for Salvation?
 3 Kinds of Baptism

• 1. Sacramental Baptism
• 2. Baptism by Blood
• 3. Baptism by Desire
"Extra Ecclesiam Nulla Salus”
 Effects of Baptism

1. The Forgiveness of Original Sin

2. Adoption as God’s Children
3. Incorporation in the Church
 The Minister of Baptism

• 1. The Bishop
• 2. Priest
• 3. Deacon
• 4. Extraordinary Ministers
 The Matter and Form

• Matter– Water (Fresh, Salty, Marshy)

• Form- Immersion, Pouring
 The Sacrament of Confirmation

• It is the efficient sign of Grace that confers the fullness

of the Holy Spirit
• Also, it ratifies and strengthens the Baptismal Grace,
making us mature Christians and Soldiers of Christ.
 What is Confirmation?

• It is originated from the Latin word Cumfirmare,

meaning to ratify.
• Jesus demands our personal commitment , as he first
asked the disciples: “Who do people say that I am?”
And next: “Who do you say that I am?”
Mk. 8:27-29
 When did Jesus instituted the sacrament of
confirmation?
• On the evening of Easter Sunday, when he
appeared in the Cenacle and said: “As the
Father has sent me, so I send you”. And
when he had said this, he breathed on them
and said to them, “Receive the Holy Spirit”
•WHY IS CONFIRMATION
ONE OF THE SACRAMENTS
OF CHRISTIAN
INITIATION?
Effects of the Sacrament of Confirmation
• It roots us more deeply in the divine filial relationship which makes us
cry, “Abba! Father”
• It unites us more firmly to Christ
• It increases our bond with the Church more perfect
• It gives us a special strength of the Holy Spirit to spread and defend the
faith by word and action as true witnesses of Christ, to confess the name
of Christ boldly, and never to be ashamed of the Cross.
 7 Gifts of the Holy Spirit
• 1. Wisdom
• 2. Understanding
• 3. Counsel
• 4. Strength
• 5. Knowledge
• 6. Piety
• 7 Fear of the Lord
Minister of the Sacrament of Confirmation

• Bishop
• Extraordinary minister
 Matter and Form

• Form: “Be sealed with the gifts of the Holy

Spirit”
• Matter: Chrism oil (This is one of the oils
consecrated by the bishops in the chrism Mass of
the Holy Thursday)
 Performance Task #1
1. In a short paper draw your coat of arms or seal of your own identity
leaving a unique symbol of yourself, your motto or family tradition.
2. Then answer the following:
• Describe the coat of arms that you have designed.
• What is the distinguishing mark of your coat of arms?
• How did you portray your unique identity in the seal?
• The Sacrament of
Holy Eucharist
 What is the meaning of Eucharist?
It is the memorial sacrifice of the passion , death and
resurrection of Christ, making present his real Body and Blood
under the species of Bread and Wine.
It is derived from the Greek word Eukaristia, which means
Thanksgiving
 Other term for Eucharist
• Lord’s Supper
• Breaking of Bread
• Memorial of the Passion and Resurrection of the Lord
• Holy Mass
• Holy and Divine Liturgy, Sacred mysteries or Blessed
sacrament
 Spiritual graces of the Holy Eucharist
• We became partakers of the body and blood of Christ
• Atoning for the sins of the living and the dead
• Communion with the Church
• Assurance of Eternal Life
 Minister of the Eucharist

• Priest – Alter Christus or In Persona Christi

 Matter of the Eucharist

• Bread– unleavened bread

• Wine- grape wine
Who can lawfully receive Holy communion?

•Christian Catholic
•State of Grace
 What is the form of the Eucharist?

“Take this all of you and eat it; This is my body

which will be given up for you. Take this, all of
you and drink from it; This is the cup of my blood
the blood of the new and everlasting covenant. It
will be shed for you and for all men so that sins
maybe forgiven. Do this in memory of me.” (Luke
22:19)
THE SACRAMENT OF PENANCE
AND RECONCILIATION
 What is the Sacrament of Penance?

• It is the Sacrament instituted by Christ for

forgiving the sins committed after Baptism
• It is also known as the second Baptism
(Reconciliation)
 What is sin?
• It is an act of disobedience to God’s commandment or a transgression
against divine law.

• Two Kinds of Actual Sin

1. Mortal Sin- destroys charity in the heart of man by a grave
violation of God’s law
2. Venial Sin- allows charity to subsist, even though it offend and
wounds it
 The four manners of sin

• Sins of Thoughts
• Sins of Words
• Sins of Actions
• Sins of Omissions
 When did Jesus Institute the Sacrament of
Penance?
• Jesus instituted the Sacrament of Penance on the eve of
Easter Sunday, when he appeared to the apostles and
declared: “Receive the Holy Spirit: whose sins you
forgive are forgiven them, and whose sins you retain
are retained” (Jn 20:22-23)
3 Essential Requirements for Absolution

• Repentance (Perfect and Imperfect Contrition)

• Resolution
• Reparation
 The Effects of the Sacrament of Penance
• Forgives all sins (mortal and venial)
• Reconciliation with God through restoration of sanctifying grace
• Reconciliation with the Church
• Remission of the eternal punishment incurred by mortal sins
• The restoration of the merits of our good works if they have been lost by
mortal sin
• Peace and serenity of conscience, spiritual consolation and we obtained a
spiritual force to fight tempatations
 Matter and Form
• Matter – Sin
• Form- Absolution (I absolve you from all your sins in the name of the
Father , and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit)
• Complete Formula: “God, the Father of mercies, through the death and
resurrection of his Son has reconciled the world to himself and sent the
Holy Spirit among us for the forgiveness of sins; through the ministry of
the Church may God give you pardon and peace, and I absolve you from
the sins in the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.”
The Sacrament of Anointing
the Sick
 What is the Anointing of the Sin?

• It is also known as Extreme Unction

• It is the Sacrament instituted by Christ to
cure the ailments of the body and of the
soul, to prepare for Holy Death,
When did Jesus institute the Anointing of the
Sick?
• When he commissioned the Apostles; as it is written: “He summoned the
Twelve and gave them power and authority over all demons and and to
cure diseases, and he sent them to proclaim the Kingdom of God and to
heal the sick” (Lk. 9:1-2)
• ”If anyone of you is ill, he should send for the Presbyters of the Church,
and they must anoint him with Oil in the name of the Lord and pray over
him. The prayer of faith will save the sick man and the Lord will raise him
up again; and if he has committed any sins, he ill be forgive”(James 5:14-
15)
 What graces are conferred by the anointing
of the sick?
• Sharing in Christ’s Passion
• Forgiveness of Sins
• Healing or Preparation for Holy Death
 The Last Rites for the Dying

• Confession and Apostolic Pardon (Indulgencia

Plaenaria In Articulo Mortis)
• Anointing of the Sick
• Viaticum (Allowance for a journey)

NB: The minister is the Bishop and Priest

 What is the Matter and Form of the
Anointing of the Sick?
• Matter- Oil for the Sick (Oleo Infermorum)

• Form- While anointing in the forehead of patient “Through this holy

anointing may the Lord in his love and mercy help you with grace of
the Holy Spirit” and while anointing the palms of the hands, “May the
Lord who frees you from sin and save you and rise you up”
•THE SACRAMENT OF
MATRIMONY/MARRIAGE
WHAT IS CHRISTIAN MATRIMONY?

• By divine institution, Christian Matrimony

is , “The permanent, covenant of love,
between a qualified man and woman,
intended for their common good, and for
the procreation and education of Children.
 WHEN DID JESUS INSTITUTE THE
SACRAMENT OF MATRIMONY?
• Jesus instituted the Holy Matrimony when he said: “For
this reason a man will leave his father and mother and
be united to his wife, and the two will become one
flesh; so they are no longer two, but one flesh.
Therefore what God has joined together, no human
being must separate” (Matthew 19:5-6)
 3 Essential Properties of Matrimony

• UNITY
• INDISSOLUBITY
• OPENESS TO LIFE
TWO ESSENTIAL PURPOSES OF HOLY
MATRIMONY

• THE GOOD OF SPOUSES

• THE PROCREATION AND
EDUCATION OF CHILDREN
 MARRIAGE IMPEDIMENTS
• AGE
• IMPOTENCE
• PREVIOUS SACRAMENTAL MARRIAGE
• MIXED MARRIAGE AND DISPARITY OF CULT
• SACRED ORDERS AND PERPETUAL VOW OF
CHASTITY
• ABDUCTION, FORCE OR GRAVE FEAR
• CRIME
• CONSANGUINITY
• LACKING SUFFICIENT USE OF
REASON
• DECEIT
 Minister, Matter and Form

• Minister: Spouses
• Matter: Exchange of Consent
• Form: Yes, I do (Mutual, External and
Present)
THE SACRAMENT OF HOLY
ORDERS
 What is the Sacrament of Ordination?

• It a sacrament through which a male Catholic

is consecrated Deacon, Priest, or Bishop, for
the purpose of perduring until the end of time
the Sacred Ministry entrusted by Christ to his
Apostles (In Persona Christi).
 When did Jesus Institute the Sacrament of
Ordination?
• Jesus instituted the Sacrament of Ordination
during the Last Supper, when he said to his
Apostles: “Do this in memory of me”
(Luke 22:19)
 TRIPLE FUNCTION OF CHRIST

• PRIESTLY
• PROPHETIC
• KINGLY
 Who are Clergy?

• The Clergy are those who received the

Sacrament of Ordination, namely
Deacons, Presbyters and Bishops.
 What are the graces Conferred by the
Sacrament of Ordination?
• INCORPORATION IN HOLY ORDERS
• SACRED CHARACTER
• GRACE OF STATE
 MINISTER, MATTER AND FORM

• MINISTER: BISHOP
• MATTER: LAYING OF HANDS BY THE
BISHOP
• FORM: CONSECRATORY PRAYER
WHILE THE BISHOP IS EXTENDING HIS
HANDS ON THE CANDIDATE