CURRICULUM

Reference Book: CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT by Greg Tabios Pawilen

 WHAT IS CURRICULUM ?
• Curriculum as a list of subjects.

• Curriculum as Learning Experiences.

• Curriculum as intended learning outcomes.

• Curriculum as planned learning experiences.

• Curriculum as discipline.

• Curriculum as content or subject matter.

 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CURRICULUM

1. Ideal or
Recommended
Curriculum

- refers to what scholars purpose as the most appropriate curriculum for the learners.

Curriculum standards are recommended by professional organizations. It is the product of the latest

research on the nature of different disciplines and the developments in various academic fields.
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CURRICULUM

2. Written Curriculum

- According to (Glatthorn et al.2006). It is the curriculum prescribed by the

Government. In the Philippine Context, these are prescribed courses for the different government

agencies: DEPED “Department of Education”, CHED “Commission on Higher Education” and

TESDA “Technical Education Skills Development Administration”.

 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CURRICULUM

• Examples of Written Curriculum are:

- The Kindergarten Curriculum Standards

-The K-12 Curriculum

- CHED Memorandum Order No. 20, of 2013 (for General Education)

- TESDA Modules and Competencies

 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CURRICULUM

3. Implemented Curriculum. This type of Curriculum refers to the actual implementation of the
curriculum or what teachers in the school teach. Improvement of Curriculum is based on the need ]s of the

students or whenever there are new ideas in various disciplines that are important to teach to the students.

Academic freedom among faculty members in college may also influence how professors plan and implement

their courses.
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CURRICULUM

4. Achieved Curriculum or Learned Curriculum.

it refers to the result of the curriculum or what students actually learned in school
(Print 1993). The achieved curriculum reveals whether the schools are successful in
attaining their curriculum goals objectives.

5. Tested Curriculum. This is a set of learning that is assessed in teacher made classroom
tests, curriculum-referenced tests, and in standardized tests. (Glatthorn et al. 2006).
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CURRICULUM
6. Entitlement Curriculum – this refers to the general society that learners are
expected to learn to be a good member of the society.

7. Supported Curriculum – this refers to the curriculum that is reflected on and

shaped by the resources allocated to support or deliver the official curriculum.
(Glatthorn et.al)

8. Null or Censored Curriculum – refers to the various curriculum contents or

topics that must not be taught to the students. (Tanner & Tanner 2007).
CURRICULUM FOUNDATIONS

 Educational Objectives

 Student Characteristics

 Learning Processes

 Teaching Methods

 Evaluation Procedures
 CURRICULUM CONCEPTIONS

Academic Rationalist Conception – considered the oldest among the curriculum

conceptions. It stresses the importance of different bodies of knowledge, known as
disciplines or subject areas, as the focus of the curriculum.

Cognitive Processes Conception – seeks to develop a repertoire of cognitive skills

that are applicable to a wide range of intellectual problems. The subject matters ae
instrument for developing these cognitive skills that are lasting in the lives of the
individuals.
Humanistic Conception – stresses that the curriculum is an instrument for developing the

full potentials of individuals. It seeks to it seeks to help individuals . It seeks to help

individuals discover and develop their unique identities. It stresses that curriculum should

focus on the needs and interests of individuals.

Social Reconstructionist Conception – views the school or schooling as an agency for social

change. Hence, it stresses that curriculum should respond to the different needs, issues ,

problems and demands of the society.

Technological Conception- is preoccupied with the development of means to achieve the
curriculum or educational goals. It views schooling as a complex system that can be
analyzed into its constituent components.

Eclectic Conception – curricularist align their ideas with two or more curriculum
conceptions. It reiterates the realities in curriculum development that each of the curriculum
development that each of the curriculum conceptions is to be considered and is influential to
a certain extent in designing a curriculum.
 ELEMENTS OF THE CURRICULUM

• Curriculum Intent
• Content
• Learning Experiences
• Evaluation
• Curriculum Intent – Print(1993) to mean the direction that curricularist wish to go to as a result of participating
is the curriculum. It includes the aims, goals and objectives.

• Content- includes the different topics to be ;earned or covered in a curriculum. These topics are based on the
curriculum intents. Contents may include values, skills that are important for the learners to learn.

• Learning Experiences – include all instructional strategies that are useful for the implementation of the
curriculum. These may appear in the form of activities, methods or approaches that are useful in implementing
the curriculum or in teaching the content. Evaluation – includes the different ways and tools used for evaluating
whether or not the curriculum intent was realized. Evaluation tools are also used to evaluate the performance of
the learners after they have undergone the curriculum.
• Evaluation is a means for teachers to determine the ability of their students in other ways besides the
standardized test. Ex: Extra-curricular Activities, Quizzes, Examination Test and many more.
 THANK YOU FOR LISTENING !
HAVE A BLESSED DAY AHEAD 