SIFAT FISIK DAN OPTIK BATUBARA

ASISTEN ACARA:
NAVENDRA CHISTA YOGATAMA
AYU WIJAYANTI KURNIA D
SIAPKAN SELEMBAR KERTAS!!!
 PRE-TEST

1. Jelaskan proses pembentukan batubara dan

gambarkan ilustrasinya!
2. Apa perbedaan teori pembentukan batubara
insitu dan drift?
3. Sebut dan jelaskan jenis-jenis maseral dalam
batubara!

8 menit
 OUTLINE
 Pembentukan Batubara
 Bentuk Lapisan Batubara
 Sifat Umum Batubara
 Tipe Rank Batubara
 Sifat Optik Batubara
PEMBENTUKAN BATUBARA
Pembentukan Batubara

1. Teori Insitu
2. Teori Drift
Pembentukan Batubara
Reaksi Pembentukan Batubara
Morfologi MOOR

Morfologi MOOR  Lapisan Gambut

dengan Ketebalan > 30 cm
1. Hochmoor/highmoor
2. Niedermoor/lowmoor
BENTUK LAPISAN BATUBARA
Horse Back
Pinch
Clay Vein
Burried Hill
Akibat Sesar
Akibat Lipatan
Ciri-ciri Tahapan Perubahan Sisa Tumbuhan
Menjadi Batubara (White, 1961)
SIFAT UMUM BATUBARA
Sifat Fisik Secara Umum

1. Berat Jenis (specific gravity) : 1,25g/cm3 – 1.70g/cm3

2. Kekerasan : Dengan Metode HGI (Hardgrove Grindibility Index)
3. Warna : Cokelat (Lignit) – Hitam Legam (antrasit)
4. Goresan/cerat
5. Pecahan : Konkoidal – Kubus, Balok
Cleat/Rekahan

Jenis Cleat:
1. Endogenetic
2. Exogenetic
3. Duagenetic/included cleat
TIPE RANK BATUBARA
SIFAT OPTIK BATUBARA
IMPURITIES
MINERAL MATTER (Falcon & Snyman, 1986)
Basis of Type / Category Characteristics
Classification
Intrinsic Inorganic matter. Present in their
original living plant tissue.
Ultimately trapped in the form of
sub-microscopical mineral grains
and organo-metallic complexes.
Some as discrete, coarse-grained
minerals.
Genetic Primary or From accumulation of the minerals
Syngenetic at the time of peat accumulation by
wind and water of precipitation in-
Extrinsic situ.
Secondary Deposited by percolating water into
or fractures, cavities, and pores within
Epigenetic the coal seams long after initial
accumulation of the peat.
Adventitious (Discrete) At a particular size the minerals can
Practical be easily liberated by milling, and
connotations can be removed by beneficiation
processes.
Inherent Minerals are not yet liberated.
PEMBAGIAN BATUBARA

1. Humic Coal : terdiri dari berjenis jenis

campuran debris tumbuhan makro,
biasanya batubaranya mempunyai
kenampakan banded(berpita).
2. Sapropelic : terdiri dari debris
tumbuhan microscopic yang terbatas,
biasanya batubara tampak homogen.
 Coal Type Lithotype (Stopes, 1919)

HUMIC COAL
1. Vitrain : hitam, brittle, glassy, vitreous material, terjadi sebagai band tipis
2. Durain: abu smapai hitam dengan kilap tanah, pecah menjadi fragmen kasar
dipermukaanya
3. Clarain: bright dengan kilap sutra pada laminasi halus
4. Fusain: hitam lembut, dapat diremas, mudah terpisah menjadi bubuk hitam
berserat.

SAPROPELIC COAL
5. Cannel Coal: terdiri dari utamanya miospore dan mud organic yang terbentang
dibawah air, seperti di danau dangkal.
6. Boghead Coal: batubara alga, seluruhnya berasal dari material alga. Boghead coal
dapat bergradasi secara lateral atau vertical menjadi oil shales

Coal Rank  Geokimia

 Maceral Origin Maceral Sub-maceral
Group
Telinite
Structured Vitrinite A
Telocollinite

Vitrinite (V) Desmocollinite

Unstructured Vitrinite B Corpocollinite
Vitrodetrinite
Sporinite
Humic Cutinite
Resinite
Exinite (E) Primary Liptodetrinite

MACERAL
Lamalginite
Non-humic Alginite
Telalginite
Suberinite
ICCP, 1963
Secondary Exsudatinite
Fluorinite
Bituminite
Fusinite
Structured
Semifusinite

Inertinite (I) Sclerotinite

Macrinite
Unstructured Micrinite
Inertodetrinite
MICROLITHOTYPE
(McCabe,1984)

Microlithotype Composition
Vitrite Vitrinite > 95 %
Liptite Exinite > 95 %
Inertite Inertinite > 95 %
Fusite Inertinite with no macrinite or micrinite
Clarite Vitrinite + exinite > 95 %
Durite Exinite + inertinite > 95 %
Vitrinertite Vitrinite + inertinite > 95 %
Trimacerite Vitrinite, exinite, inertinite, each > 5 %
 Duroclarite : vitrinite > exinite
 Clarodurite : inertinite > vitrinite and exinite
 Vitrinertoliptite: exinite predominates
Carbominerite MM > 20 %
MASERAL

Group Origin Microscopic Appearance

Vitrinite Humified woody or Medium grey in reflected light. In

cellulosic tissue coals, generally forms groundmass
for other components.
Fluorescence weak.

Exinite Waxy or resinous Dark grey in reflected light. Strong

material. to intense autofluorescence in blue,
Cuticles, spores, and violet, and ultra-violet light.
pollen exines. Algal Generally, as small isolated bodies.
bodies, phyto-plankton.
Inertinite Biochemically altered Pale grey, white or yellowish white
woody and other tissues. in reflected light. Sometimes as
Chemically oxidized isolated fragments or massive layers.
material-charcoal. More or less open cell-lumens. No
fluorescence.
KENAMPAKAN OPTIK
WAKTU DESKRIPSI 50 MENIT

KETENTUAN :
TOTAL 7 SAMPEL BATUBARA
MENCAKUP KODE A,B,C,D,E,F,G
POST-TEST

1. Jelaskan perbedaan highmoor dan lowmoor!

2. Jelaskan apa perbedaan unsur C pada
batubara dan unsur C pada intan!
3. Deskripsikan gambar berikut.

C
B
PENILAIAN
• KELAS 30%
1. PRE -TEST & POST-TEST 15%
2. PRAPRAK & TUGAS LAB 15%
• LAPORAN 70%
FORMAT LAPORAN
• COVER
• LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
• DAFTAR ISI, DAFTAR GAMBAR
• BAB I PENDAHULUAN
MAKSUD
TUJUAN
WAKTU DAN TEMPAT PELAKSANAAN
• BAB II HASDES
• BAB III PEMBAHASAN
SIFAT FISIK SECARA UMUM
DIAGENESIS
PENAMAAN
INTERPRETASI LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN
• BAB IV PENUTUP
KESIMPULAN
SARAN
 DEADLINE
Jum’at, 5 Oktober 2018
Kolektif berdasarkan kelas.
Jam 16.00 WIB di Kos Perumda.

ACC KELOMPOK WAJIB H+3

ACC ACARA SUNNAH