SEMINAR

TOPIC-
PAIN
PRESENT BY –
PRATEEK PAL
BSC NURSING 2nd
YEAR
3rd SEMSTER
VSN AZAMGARH
 INTRODUCTION:-
PAIN IS A SUBJECTIVE RESPONSE TO BOTH
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL
PHENOMENON
PAIN IS THE FIFTH VITAL SIGN
PAIN MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH MOOD
DISTURBANCES (FOR EXAMPLE:
DEPRESSION ,SLEEP DISORDERS)
DEFINATION:
It is define as unpleasant sensory and emotional response
due to the damage of the tissue. These definition is According
to IASP ( international association for the study of the pain)
Pain is whatever the patients thinks it is at the present time
NATURE OF THE PAIN
“ VERY IMPORTANT FOR MAKING THE
DIAGNOSIS AND VERY DIFFICULT FOR THE
PATIENT TO DESCRIBE”
PAIN SUBJECTIVE AND HIGHLY
INDIVIDUALIZED
PAIN CANNOT BE OBJECTIVELY MEASURED
ONLY THE CLIENTS KNOWS WHETHER PAIN IS
PRESENT AND EXPERIENCES IS LIKE
CAUSES OF PAIN

INJURY
SURGERY
INFECTION
SOCIAL VIOLENCE
DISEASE
 SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
Increased in respiratory rate
Increased blood glucose level
Restlessness
Shortness of breath
Increased heart rate
 TYPES OF PAIN
Pain is classified into the four category
Based on Duration
Based on location
Based on intensity
Based on Physical
BASED ON DURATION
1.Acute Pain
 It eventually resolves with or without treatment
2.Chronic Pain
 Chronic Pain is the pain for the long duration longer than the 6
months
CONT…..
• It does not have always identifiable cause
 Chronic pain can be divided into :
• Chronic cancer pain (caused by tumor and invasive procedure)
• Chronic episodic pain (lasts for hr. days or weeks. E.g. migraine
, headache)
 BASED ON LOCATION
 This is based on the site which the pain is located.
Examples
•Headache
•Back Pain
•Joint Pain
•Cardiac Pain
 CONT…..
Referred Pain :-
• Pain may be felt in the shoulder or left arm , with or
without chest pain
PAIN SCALE
BASED ON INTENSITY
 Mild Pain :
• Pain scale reading from 1 to 3 is called as the mild pain
 Moderate Pain :
• Pain scale reading from 4 to 6 is considered as the moderate pain
 Severe Pain:
• Pain scale reading from 7 to 10 is considered as the severe pain
BASED ON THE PHYSCIAL
Superficial Pain:
•The pain arising from the skin and mucous membrane is called
superficial pain
Deep (somatic) Pain :
•The pain origin from somatic structure deep of the skin are known as
deep pain
Visceral Pain:
•The pain arising from the different internal organs of the body is called
visceral pain
PAIN ASSESSMENT TOOLS
 These are various tools that are designed to assess the level
of pain . The most commonly used tools are :
1. Numeric Rating scale
2. Wong Baker’s Faces Pain scale
NUMERIC RATING SCALE
WONG BAKER’S FACES PAIN SCALE
 MANAGEMENT
 NON PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT
Exercise Therapy
Music Therapy
Laughter Therapy
Massage
Medication
Thermotherapy
CONT……….
PHARAMCOLOGIC MANAGEMENT

HOME WORK
 NURSING MANAGEMENT
1. Access the patient condition.
2. Provide psychological support.
3. Provide suitable environment.
4. Advise to patient for do yoga and medication .
5. Provide heat and cold application.
 SUMMARY
Pain is a subjective experience with two complementary
aspects:
1.One is a localized sensation in a particular body part
2.The other is an unpleasant quality of varying severity
commonly associated with behaviors directed at relieving or
terminating the experience.