RESEARCH FORMAT

RESEARCH DEPARTMENT
GULLAS COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
PARTS OF RESEARCH PAPER USING
IMRAD
IMRAD stands for:
I – Introduction
M – Methods
R – Results
a - and
D – Discussions
Introduction – talks about why did you do it, it covers:
 the problem
 known and unknown
PARTS OF RESEARCH PAPER USING
IMRAD
 research questions
Objectives
Hypothesis/es
Methods – talks about how did you do it, it is concerned with:
 methods used
justification for using such methods
Results – talks about what did you find, it focuses on the:
PARTS OF RESEARCH PAPER USING
IMRAD
 summary of findings
 has headings and info the findings
Discussions – deals on what is the meaning of your
findings, it covers:
 explanation of the results
 achievement of the limitations
 implication for future research
application for future reseach
RESEARCH FORMAT
TEXT FORMAT
I. Style
The style to be used is the APA style
II. Headings in the text
 The major heading are the following:
a. Acknowledgement
b. Abstract
c. Table of Contents
d. List of tables, list of figures
RESEARCH FORMAT
e. Chapter headings
f. Appendices
g. References
The major headings should start on a new page with the text
following it immediately
The size and style (centered on the page, all capital letters, all
bold letters) of the headings should be in the same and
consistent
For subheadings, each different level should use a different style
For example: a) the first sublevel must be in bold and
italics
RESEARCH FORMAT
b) the second sub-level is in italics but not bold
 These styles should be used consistently
throughout the whole paper, to differentiate one
sub-level from the other
 Unlike the headings, subheadings need not begin
on a new page
 Each different sub-level should still be included in
the table of contents with the new sub-level to be
indented a little farther to the right of the level
preceding it in the table of contents
RESEARCH FORMAT
III. Margins
 The margins of every page should be: one inch for the top,
bottom, and right and 1.5 inches for the left to give allowance
for binding
Page numbers must be inside the margins
IV. Line spacing
 Double space should be employed throughout the text, except
only for the tables and CV
The last line of a paragraph should not be used as the first line
of a page
Likewise, a heading or first line of a paragraph as the last line
on a page is not acceptable
RESEARCH FORMAT
V. Pagination
 Page numbers must be centered at the bottom of the page,
with placement, size and style the same for the entire
manuscript
Other than the page number itself, no other marks or text
should appear
Starting wit the title page, each page in the manuscript must
be counted
Every page should then have a printed page number aside
from the title page only
The preliminary pages (discuss later) are numbered in
lowercase Roman numerals (i, ii, iii, iv etc.)
RESEARCH FORMAT
 The pages of the body should be in Arabic
numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.) beginning with the first page
of introduction and through the rest of the body,
references, appendices, and CV
All chapters must begin on a new page
RESEARCH FORMAT
 Titles/caption of the table should be written bellow the

table number
 Only the first letter of the first word of the caption is
capitalized for all of the tables
Table titles must be flush left throughout the manuscript
In case long tables need to be continued on the next
page or from page to page, the table number and caption
must appear as follows:
Table __ (Continued) Title
RESEARCH FORMAT
ILLUSTRATIONS
1. Tables
 Use single space for the contents of the table
One may choose a font size smaller than 12 to make
the table easier to read
However, styling should be uniform for all tables
Type the table number and caption above the data
Titles should begin wit the word “Table,” followed by
the number (use whole numbers. Do not use decimal
numbering system)
RESEARCH FORMAT
2. Figures
 Figure captions should be placed flush left at the
bottom
Aside from that, follow same guidelines for tables
Graphs, drawings, and photographs relevant to
research paper are electronically prepared on the
manuscript within the specified margins
RESEARCH FORMAT
FINAL COPY
1. Typing/printing of the manuscript
 The manuscript must be prepared using a computer
Arial font size 12 are the acceptable font and font
size
The final printed copy, the resolution must be at least
300 dots per inch (lase printer)
Photocopies are acceptable only if they are of high
quality
Printing must be on one side of the paper
RESEARCH FORMAT
2. Paper
Use only letter size (8.5 x 11 in), substance 20 plain white bond
paper
3. Corrections
Final copy submitted may not be revised in any way after it is
submitted and accepted
4. Submissions
Two hard bound copies will be submitted to the Research office
every time a case report or a research paper is completed
Hard bound copies should not be made until the research Office
approves that the manuscript is ready for hard bound printing
the content of the research paper
I. Arrangement of the content
 Arrange the following preliminary pages in the order
indicated
They should be paginated in lowercase Roman
numerals, except for the title page
a. Blank sheet paper (do not include in counting)
b. Title page (include in counting but no page
number) and so
c. Table of contents (i, ii, iii, and so on)
d. List of tables
The content of the research paper
e. List of Figures
f. List of appendices
g. Acknowledgement
h. Abstract
II. Body of research paper shall include the following:
a. Introduction
b. Review of Literature
c. Methodology
d. Results and Discussions
e. Conclusions and Recommendations
The content of the research paper
III. Title Page
 The title identifies the topic of the paper and should
contain the dependent and independent variables
It also include the population and the materials worked
on
III. Table of Contents
The table of contents must include the following:
a. list of tables
b. list of figures
c. list of appendices
The content of the research paper
d. acknowledgement
e. abstract
f. major sections of the text
g. references
h. appendix
IV. List of tables
The list of tables has its own separate page
 Use Arabic numerals for the table numbers
There will be dot leaders from the last letter of the title
to the page number
The content of the research paper
 Double space between and within each entry
The titles in the list should be the same used in the
text
V. List of Figures
 This list has its own page following the same
format as the list of tables
Figures include maps, photographs, and other
types of illustrations
Designate figures with Arabic numerals
The content of the research paper
VI. List of appendices
 This is presented on a separate page following the
same guidelines as the list of tables
Those that are not important to the text but
supplements or supports the text should be put in
the appendix
Each material (e.g., questionnaire, schedule, form)
is appropriately labelled and is considered a
separate appendix
The title of the material should reflect the content
The content of the research paper
VII. Acknowledgement
This is where assistances from different persons or
agencies is usually acknowledgedThe content of
the research paper
Like, expressing gratitude to the advisers, panel
members, parents, friends and everyone that have
helped or inspired the researchers are expressed in
this part
The content of the research paper
VIII. Abstract
The abstract must be single – spaced and simply
entitled “ ABSTRACT” in bold letters,, uppercase
letters and centered
It must be structured to contain the following topics
written by paragraphs: introduction, methods,
results, conclusion and keywords
The content should be composed of 250-300 words
The three (3) keywords should be provided that
would make the research easy to search in database