AFA8e Skill PPT CH08

CHAPTER 8 SKILL DRILL
Bleeding
Copyright © 2021 by Public Safety Group, A Division of Jones & Bartlett Learning. www.psglearning.com.
Skill Drill 8-1 Bleeding Control (1 of 3)
Step 1 Put on medical exam gloves and Step 2 Cover the wound with a sterile dressing or any clean
expose the wound. If gloves are not available, cloth (eg, shirt, handkerchief, washcloth, towel). Apply firm,
continuous direct pressure using the flat part of your fingers
improvise a barrier (eg, a plastic bag, plastic for small wounds or with the palm of your hand for large
wrap, extra dressings, or cloths). If those are wounds. Keep applying pressure until the bleeding stops. If
not available, have the person apply pressure you DO NOT have a sterile dressing or clean cloth, use
with their hand. DO NOT remove or apply any your gloved hand or have the person apply pressure with
pressure on an impaled object. their hand. DO NOT remove or apply any pressure on an
impaled object. For extremities, if direct pressure does not
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stop a massive hemorrhage within the first minute, apply a
tourniquet (see Step 5 for proper tourniquet application).
Step 3 If a dressing becomes blood-soaked, Step 4 Apply a bandage firmly over the
remove it and apply better aimed pressure dressing to hold the dressing in place. For an
using a clean dressing. arm or leg, apply a self-adhering, conforming
© Jones & Bartlett Learning. roller bandage or an elastic roller bandage.
Start just below the edge of the wound with
two straight anchoring turns. Make a series of
turns or wraps. DO NOT wrap it so tightly that
it cuts off circulation. In most cases, bleeding
stops at this point.

Step 5 If direct pressure and a pressure dressing fail Step 6 After the bleeding stops:
to immediately stop bleeding from an arm or leg, apply a. Care for the wound.
a tourniquet. For other body areas where a tourniquet b. Properly dispose of the gloves and any blood-
placement is impossible (eg, neck, shoulders, groin), contaminated clothing.
or when a tourniquet is ineffective or not available, c. Wash your hands.
stuff a hemostatic gauze dressing (special dressing d. If needed, seek professional medical care for
that helps clot the blood) directly into the wound (not cleaning, sutures, or a tetanus immunization. For
merely applying it as a cover) and apply direct massive, life-threatening bleeding call EMS.
pressure over it for 5 minutes or until bleeding stops.

Skill Drill 8-2 Massive Bleeding Control:
Applying a Manufactured Tourniquet (1 of 3)
Step 1 Place the tourniquet firmly in place Step 2 Pull the free end of the tourniquet to
about 2 to 3 in. (5 to 8 cm) above the wound. make it as tight as possible and secure the free
DO NOT apply it anywhere other than an arm end. Clip the tourniquet’s sides together using
or leg. DO NOT apply on joint (eg, elbow, the buckle and pull firmly on the end strap to
wrist, knee)—apply it above the joint. tighten the tourniquet.
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Step 3 Tighten the tourniquet by twisting Step 4 Write the time it was applied on the
the rod on one direction until bleeding tourniquet’s tag. If a tag is not available, write
stops. Then, secure the twisting rod in on a piece of tape “TQ” or “TK” for tourniquet
place using the clip or holder so that the and the time applied, and stick it on the
rod does not unwind. person’s forehead. DO NOT cover, release, or
© Jones & Bartlett Learning. remove the tourniquet.
Step 5 If massive bleeding continues, the
tourniquet is not tight enough. Tighten the
tourniquet. If still ineffective, apply a second
tourniquet near the first, above it if possible. A
second tourniquet is rarely needed.
Applying an Improvised Tourniquet (1 of 3)
Step 1 Use a folded triangle bandage, wide Step 2 Wrap the folded band twice above the
roller bandage, or similar cloth folded into a wound, about 2 to 3 in. (5 to 8 cm) and tie an
long band about 2 in. (5 cm) wide and several overhand knot. DO NOT apply it anywhere
layers thick. DO NOT use narrow materials other than the arm or leg. DO NOT apply it
(eg, wire, rope, cord). over a joint.
Step 3 Place a short, rigid object (eg, Step 4 Twist the rigid object in one direction
screwdriver, stick) on top of the knot. Then tie until the bleeding stops. Then, secure the rigid
a square knot over the rigid object with the object in place with another cloth band or tape
ends of the cloth band. to prevent the tourniquet from untwisting.
Step 5 Write on a piece of tape “TQ” or “TK” for Step 6 If massive bleeding continues, the
tourniquet and the time applied, and stick it on tourniquet is not tight enough. Tighten the
the person’s forehead. DO NOT cover, release, tourniquet. If it is still ineffective, apply a
or remove the tourniquet. second tourniquet near the first, above it if
possible. A second tourniquet is rarely needed.

AFA8e Skill PPT CH08

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CHAPTER 8 SKILL DRILL

© Jones & Bartlett Learning.

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© Jones & Bartlett Learning.

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