Decoding

the Atom
Delving into atomic architecture
 01 Introduction.

table of contents:
02 Atomic models (timeline).

03 Importance.

04 What is an atom?

05 What are its components?

06 Particle-to-mass relationship.

07 What is electron configuration?

08 Conclusion.
 Introduction
The discovery and understanding of the atom's
structure have revolutionized our comprehension of
matter.

Throughout history, scientists have explored and

refined the atomic model, enabling us to grasp how
the atom's fundamental components influence
chemical behavior and the properties of the
surrounding matter.
 Atomic models (timeline)

What is matter made Discovery of the Jumping electrons Current atomic

of? electron model

1897 1913 1927

1803 191 1920

First atomic theory Quantum atomic
Planetary model
1 model
 Importance
The role of atomic structure in chemical reactions and
energy technologies drives innovation across various
scientific disciplines.

The atom's structure shapes the behavior of matter,

underpinning current chemistry, physics, and technology.

Understanding atomic structure unlocks perspectives on

matter's properties, propelling scientific advancements.
 What is
an atom?
The atom is the fundamental unit of matter.
It consists of a central nucleus containing positively
charged protons and neutral neutrons, surrounded by a
cloud of negatively charged electrons.

The interaction between these particles determines the

properties and behavior of chemical elements.
 What are its components?
ELECTRON CLOUD
Region around the nucleus
where electrons orbit.

ATOMIC ORBITALS
Three-dimensional regions where electrons are most
likely to be found in an atom.

ELECTRON
Negatively charged subatomic
particle orbiting the nucleus.
What are its components?
NEUTRON
Neutral particle in the atomic
nucleus alongside protons.

ATOMIC NUCLEUS
Positively charged center of the atom containing
protons and neutrons.

PROTON
Positively charged particle
in the atomic nucleus.
 Particle-to-mass relationship.
1. MASS COMPARISON:
The Proton-Electron Mass Ratio (PEMR) indicates that protons
and neutrons are much more massive than electrons in an atom.

2. IMPACT ON ATOMIC MASS:

The electron's mass is negligible compared to that of protons and
neutrons, predominantly determining atomic mass.

3. EFFECT ON CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

PEMR influences chemical properties by affecting electron
attraction to the nucleus, thereby influencing reactivity and
chemical bonding.
 What is electron
configuration?

The electronic configuration

dictates how an atom interacts This understanding is crucial
The arrangement of electrons
with others, influencing its for explaining the properties
orbiting the nucleus is
ability to form chemical bonds and behaviors of elements in
referred to as electronic
and engage in reactions. the periodic table.
configuration.
 electronic configuration
Number of
electrons per level 2e 8e 18e 32e 32e 18e 8e

Orbital name K L M N O P Q

Energy sublevels s s, p s, p, d s, p, d, f s, p, d, f s, p, d s, p
 Conclusion
The structure of the atom, understood through its
components and their relationships, along with electronic
configuration, forms the foundation of our understanding
of chemistry.

This knowledge has enabled us to unravel the secrets of

matter and create technologies that enhance our lives.
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