Yekatit 12 Medical College

Implementation of SDG in Ethiopia

Group Three Presentation
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
January, 2024
Prepared by
• Dr. Fitsum Lemma
• Dr. Selam Altaseb
• Dr. Aymen
• Kebede
Outline of the Presentation
• Introduction to SDG
• Holistic Approach's of SDG
• SDG and health
• Current implementation Status in Ethiopia
• Key Principles and SDG in Ethiopia
• Challenges of its implantation in Ethiopia
• Future Prospects for SDG in Ethiopia
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

• World leaders came together in 2015 and made a historic promise to

secure the rights and well-being of everyone on a healthy, thriving
planet when they adopted the 2030 Agenda
for Sustainable Development and
its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
 SDGs’ holistic approach:
(universal and integrated Agenda)
5 elements underpinning the Agenda 2030
The Goals are meant to stimulate action over the next 6 years in 5
areas of critical importance:
• People
• Planet
• Prosperity
• Peace (and
Justice)
• Partnership
The 7 People Goals: 1 to
7
The 5 Prosperity Goals: 8 to 12
The 3 Planet Goals: 13 -15
The Peace & Justice Goal (16)
The Partnership Goal (17)
 SDG and health
Target 3.1

By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births

The maternal mortality ratio refers to the number of women who die from pregnancy-
related causes while pregnant or within 42 days of pregnancy termination per 100,000 live
births (SDG Tracker).
Target 3.1

• What’s notable about this target is its prevalence in developing countries

compared to that in developed countries. In fact 94% of all maternal deaths occur
in low and lower middle-income countries (WHO)
 Target 3.2

 By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5

years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality
to at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to
at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births
Target 3.3

• By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected

tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other
communicable diseases
Target 3.4

• By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable

diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-
being

• To treat NCDs, it is crucial to prevent them, screen for and identify them, and
provide appropriate care.
 Target 3.4

• The main types of NCD are cardiovascular diseases (such as heart attacks and stroke),
cancers, chronic respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
and asthma), diabetes, and suicide.

• NCDs are the #1 cause of death and disability worldwide, accounting for 70% of all
deaths (NCD Alliance). NCDs disproportionately affect people in low- and middle-
income countries where more than three quarters of global NCD deaths – 31.4 million
– occur.
Target 3.5

 Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse,

including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol

 While this target seems relatively straightforward it is actually quite

complex from a policy angle because of the intersection with the
criminal justice system. It is notable that substance abuse is seen as a
health issue in the 2030 Agenda because in many countries it is
treated as a criminal issue, despite the evidence pointing to the fact
that addressing it is best done in the health system (WHO).
Target 3.6

• By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic
accidents
• While one may think of road traffic accidents as accidents between cars, it
actually includes all incidents that happen on roads including those that involve
vulnerable road users like pedestrians, cyclists, and motorcyclists.
• In fact, more than half of all road traffic deaths are attributed to these more
vulnerable road user groups (WHO). While we are looking at the health aspect of
road traffic accidents, they also have an incredible economic cost, costing most
countries 3% of their gross domestic product (GDP).
Target 3.6

• Preventing road accidents involves tackling various risk factors including:

• Speeding

• Driving under the influence of alcohol and other psychoactive substances

• Nonuse of motorcycle helmets, seat-belts, and child restraints

Target 3.6

 Distracted driving due to mobile phones

 Unsafe road infrastructure or vehicles

 Inadequate post-crash care

 Inadequate law enforcement of traffic laws

Target 3.7

 By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services,

including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of
reproductive health into national strategies and programs.
Target 3.7

• Sexual and reproductive health-care services address reproductive processes,

functions and system at all stages of life and include both physical and
psychological well being when it comes to sexuality.

• This SDG target is measured by two indicators one focused on meeting family
planning needs and the other on adolescent birth rate (i.e. the number of women
between the ages of 10-19 having babies)
Target 3.8

 Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to

quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and
affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all
Target 3.8

• The key to universal health coverage is that individuals can receive the health
services they need without suffering financial hardship - it is both about the
services available and the cost of those services. Essential health services include
health promotion and prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care over
the lifespan of an individual.
Target 3.8

 This target is measured by two indicators

1) the proportion of a population that can access essential quality health services

2) the proportion of the population that spends a large amount of household income
on health
Target 3.8

 The WHO uses 16 essential health services in 4 categories as indicators of the

level and equity of coverage in countries:

 Reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health (family planning, delivery

care, child immunization)

 Infectious diseases (prevention and treatment for diseases listed in target 3.3)
• Non communicable diseases (prevention and treatment for diseases listed in target
3.4)

• Service capacity and access (hospital access, health worker density, access to
essential medicines)
Target 3.9

• By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous
chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination

• This target includes three major components:

• All of these are measured by the number of deaths attributed to each cause per
100,000 individuals.
 Target 3.9
• Air pollution - including outdoor ozone pollution, outdoor particulate pollution, and
household pollution (from smoking or cooking with solid fuels)

• Clean water, sanitation and hygiene - not having access to these services can lead to
preventable diseases (diarrhea, cholera, worms) and deaths

• Poisoning - including household chemicals, chemicals used in products (mercury,

lead, asbestos, etc.), pesticides, even snake bites
Introduction to Sustainable
Development in Ethiopia

Ethiopia, a country with a rich history and diverse landscapes, is facing

significant development challenges. The push for sustainable development is
crucial to creating a better future for its people while preserving its natural
resources and cultural heritage.
Current SDG implementation
Status in Ethiopia
SDG status of Ethiopia in 2023
Status cont.….
Ethiopian Performance by Indicators
Ethiopian Performance by Indicators
Ethiopian Performance by Indicators
Ethiopian Performance by Indicators
Strategies and Initiatives for Sustainable
Development in Ethiopia

Promoting Renewable Enhancing Agriculture Empowering Communities

Energy
Investing in solar and wind
energy projects to reduce
dependence on non-renewable
resources.
Implementing sustainable Facilitating community-driven
farming practices to improve projects for education, healthcare,
food security and reduce and environmental conservation.
environmental impact.
Case Studies of Successful Sustainable
Development Projects in Ethiopia

Eco-Tourism Initiatives Water Management Renewable Energy

Community-led ecotourism
ventures promoting
environmental conservation and
providing livelihood
opportunities.
Programs
Implementation of sustainable
water management systems
benefiting rural communities
and agriculture.
Adoption
Successful projects enabling
access to clean and affordable
energy sources, particularly in
rural areas.
Challenges and Obstacles to
Implementing Sustainable
Development in Ethiopia

1 Political Instability
Challenges stemming from political unrest and governance issues impacting the
implementation of sustainable initiatives.

2 Infrastructure Limitations
Inadequate infrastructure hindering the widespread implementation of sustainable
solutions across various regions.

3 Resource Scarcity
Limited access to key resources such as water, arable land, and energy posing
significant obstacles.
Conclusion and Future Prospects for
Sustainable Development in Ethiopia

Continued Collaboration Constantly involving local communities, government

entities, and international organizations in sustainable
projects

Technology Integration Embracing technological advancements to enhance

the effectiveness of sustainable initiatives

Policy Reforms Implementing supportive policies and regulations to

drive sustainable development goals
 Reference
• World Health Organization
• CDC (USA focused but with a lot of great global
information)
• SDG Tracker
Thank you!