ADDITIVES AND TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF

LUBRICANTS

FRICTION AND WEAR

Friction and wear are important tribological properties of lubricants. Friction is the resistance to motion
between two surfaces in contact, and wear is the loss of material from the surfaces in contact. These
properties can be influenced by various factors, including lubricant composition, viscosity, and
temperature.
 ROLE OF ADDITIVES
Additives play a crucial role in improving the tribological properties of lubricants. They are
chemical compounds that are added to lubricants to enhance their performance.
Lubricant Stability: Additives can improve the stability of lubricants, ensuring that
they maintain their desired properties over time.

Friction and Wear Reduction: Additives can reduce friction and wear between moving
surfaces, improving the efficiency and lifespan of lubricated systems.

Protection Against Corrosion and Oxidation: Additives provide protection against

corrosion and oxidation, preventing damage to lubricated components and extending their
service life.
Mechanics of Additives
The mechanics of additives play a crucial role in improving the tribological properties
of lubricants. Additives work through various mechanisms to enhance lubrication and
protect surfaces from friction and wear.

Boundary Lubrication: Boundary lubrication occurs when additives form a protective layer
on the surfaces in contact. This layer reduces friction and wear by providing a barrier between
the moving surfaces.

Anti-Wear: Anti-wear additives work by forming a chemical film on the surfaces in contact. This
film provides protection against wear, reducing surface damage and extending the lifespan of the
lubricated components.

Extreme Pressure: Extreme pressure additives are designed to withstand high pressure conditions.
These additives create a sacrificial film that can bear the load and prevent metal-to-metal contact,
reducing friction and wear under extreme operating conditions.