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Measure of Central Tendency
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Mean
X
X X X X
1 2 3
... X n
n n
57 86 42 38 90 66
6
379
6
63.167
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The Median
6,000,10,000,14,000,50,000,10,000
It should be noted that there can be more than one mode for
a data set.
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Measures of Variation
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Measures of Variability:
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Range
The difference between the largest 35 41 44 45
and the smallest values in a set of data
Simple to compute 37 41 44 46
40 43 44 46
The range is quick to compute but fails
to be very useful since it considers only
the extreme values and does not take 40 43 45 48
into consideration the bulk of the
observations. It is not widely used. 11
Sample Variance
X X X X X X X
2
2
2
2,398
1,844
625
71
390,625
5,041
S
n 1
1,539 -234 54,756 663,866
1,311 -462 213,444
7,092 0 663,866 3
221,288.67
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Sample Standard Deviation
X X
2
2
S
n 1
X X X X X
2
663,866
2,398 625 390,625
3
1,844 71 5,041
1,539 -234 54,756
221,288.67
1,311 -462 213,444 2
7,092 0 663,866
S S
221,288.67
470.41
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Coefficient of variation
It is a dimensionless measure of the relative variation.
– Constructed by dividing the standard deviation by the
mean and multiplying by 100.
CV = (s/x) (100)
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Coefficient of variation
• Used to compare the variability in one data set
with that in another when a direct comparison of
standard deviation is not appropriate.
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Coefficient of variation
Adults Childre
n
Mean 25 yrs 11 yrs
age
Mean 145lbs 80lbs
wt
SD 10lbs 10lbs
CV 6.9% 12.5%
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Variance and Standard Deviation of Grouped Data
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Variance and Standard Deviation of Grouped Data
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Variance and Standard Deviation of Grouped Data
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