Automation: Definition,

Advantages, goals, types,

need, laws and principles
of Automation
Presented By-Prashant Gupta,

Roll No.-2000910400086
Definition of Automation

•Automation refers to the use of technology and control systems to

reduce the need for human intervention in processes and tasks.

•Its primary aim is to increase efficiency, productivity, and reliability

while minimizing human error.

•Automation is reshaping the way we work, manufacture, and live.

•Automation has been achieved by various means including mechanical,

hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, electronic devices and computers,
usually in combination.
Advantages of Automation
•Increased productivity: Automation can perform tasks faster and more accurately
than humans, leading to higher productivity levels.

•Cost reduction: By streamlining processes and eliminating manual labour,

automation can significantly reduce operational costs.

•Improved quality: Automation ensures consistent output quality by minimizing

variations and errors.

•Enhanced safety: Dangerous or repetitive tasks can be delegated to automated

systems, reducing the risk of accidents and injuries.
Goals of Automation
The primary goals of automation include efficiency, accuracy, scalability, and
adaptability.

Efficiency
Automating tasks for faster and more efficient processes.

Accuracy
Ensuring precise execution to maintain quality standards.

Scalability
Easily scaling processes to meet demand fluctuations.

Adaptability
Enabling systems to adjust to changes seamlessly.
f

Types of Automation
Automation encompasses industrial, robotic, office, and home automation, each
serving different domains, also there are mainly three types.

•Fixed Automation: Fixed automation refers to the use of special purpose

equipment to automate a fixed sequence of processing or assembly operations.

•Programmable Automation: In programmable automation, the production

equipment is designed with the capability to change the sequence of operations to
accommodate different product configurations

•Flexible Automation: A flexible automation system is capable of producing a

variety of parts with virtually no time lost for changeovers from one part style to the
next
Need for Automation
Complexity, global competition, labor shortages, and innovation drive the need for
automation.

To Increase Labor Productivity: Automating a manufacturing operation usually

increases production rate and labor productivity. This means greater output per
hour of labor input.

To Reduce Labour Cost: Increasing labour cost continues to be the trend in the
world's industrialized societies. Consequently, higher investment in automation has
become economically justifiable to replace manual operations.

To Diminish the Effects of Labour Shortages: There is a general shortage of labour

in many advanced nations, and this has stimulated the development of automated
operations as a substitute for labour.
Need for Automation

To Improve Worker’s Safety: Automating a given operation and transferring

the worker from active participation in the process to a monitoring role, or
removing the worker from the operation altogether, makes the work safer

To Improve Product Quality: Automation not only results in higher

production rates than manual operation, it also performs the
manufacturing process with greater uniformity and conformity to quality
specifications
Laws and Principles of Automation
Moore's Law, Parkinson's Law of Triviality, and the Pareto Principle are key principles
that impact automation.

•Moore's Law: The observation that the capabilities of automation and artificial
intelligence tend to double approximately after two years, similar to the exponential
growth observes in computer hardware capabilities.

•Parkinson's Law of Triviality: The tendency for organizations to spend

disproportionate time on trivial matters while neglecting significant issues,
emphasizing the importance of prioritizing automation efforts.

•The Pareto Principle (80/20 rule): States that roughly 80% of effects come from
20% of causes, highlighting the potential impact of automation on optimizing key
processes.
The USA principle is a commonsense
approach to automation and process
improvement projects:
•Understand the Existing Process :

The first step in the USA approach is to comprehend the current process in all of its
details.

•Simplify the Process :

Once the existing process is understood, then the search begins for ways to simplify.

•Automate the Process :

Once the process has been reduced to its simplest form, then automation can be
considered. It can be done by using automation strategies.
Conclusion
Automation is revolutionizing industries, offering increased productivity, cost
reduction, and improved quality. Understanding its goals, types, and principles is
crucial for harnessing its full potential.

Understanding the goals, types, and principles of automation is crucial for

organizations to harness its full potential and stay ahead in today's competitive
landscape.