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    This document discusses coma, its causes, and principles of management. It defines coma as a prolonged state of unconsciousness that occurs due to temporary or permanent disruption of brain function severely affecting consciousness. Some potential causes of coma discussed include head trauma, seizures, infections like meningitis, metabolic derangements, drugs, tumors, and vascular issues. The principles of coma management outlined are supporting ABC (airway, breathing, circulation), vital signs, emergency neurological examination, treating the underlying cause, and follow up.

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    Coma

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    Ahmed surur

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    This document discusses coma, its causes, and principles of management. It defines coma as a prolonged state of unconsciousness that occurs due to temporary or permanent disruption of brain function severely affecting consciousness. Some potential causes of coma discussed include head trauma, seizures, infections like meningitis, metabolic derangements, drugs, tumors, and vascular issues. The principles of coma management outlined are supporting ABC (airway, breathing, circulation), vital signs, emergency neurological examination, treating the underlying cause, and follow up.

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    2 views7 pages

    Ahmed Surur

    Uploaded by

    Ahmed Surur
    This document discusses coma, its causes, and principles of management. It defines coma as a prolonged state of unconsciousness that occurs due to temporary or permanent disruption of brain function severely affecting consciousness. Some potential causes of coma discussed include head trauma, seizures, infections like meningitis, metabolic derangements, drugs, tumors, and vascular issues. The principles of coma management outlined are supporting ABC (airway, breathing, circulation), vital signs, emergency neurological examination, treating the underlying cause, and follow up.

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    of 7

    RIFT VALLEY UNIVERSITY DIRE DAWA CAMPUS

    Department: Public Health


    Course Title: Internal Medicine
    Type of Assignment: Individual
    Student Name : Ahemed Surur
    ID No: 1450/19

    Submitted to Dr. Dejen


    What is coma ?

    The word “coma” is derived from the Greek word “koma,” which
    means “deep sleep.”
    A coma is a prolonged state of unconsciousness. It occurs when a
    temporary or permanent disruption of the brain’s function severely
    affects consciousness.
    Cause of Coma ?

    Trauma
    Head injury
    Child abuse
    Seizure
    Overt or subclinical seizures
    Status epilepticus
    Post ictal stateInfections (Meningoencephalitis)
    Bacterial meningitis
    Viral
    Parasitic: Malarial
    Cerebral abscess
    Metabolic
    Hypoglycemia Malaria, Sepsis
    Hyperglycemia DKA
    Hypoxaemia 2° to cardiac/ respiratory/ septic shock or
    profound anemia.
    Con….
    Electrolyte imbalance
    Severe dehydration
    Organ failure
    Liver failure, renal failure
    Addison’s disease,respiratory failure
    Drugs
    Opiates, salicylates, organophosphate, benzodiazepines
    Poisoning
    Alcohol, recreational drugs, accidental/deliberate poisoning.
    Con….
    Tumors
    Primary: meduloblastoma, astrosytoma
    Secondary:Leukemias
    Vascular
    Hemorrhage
    Hypertension, Hypotension, thrombosis
    Vasculitis and collagen vascular syndromes
    Principles of management

    ABC of life
    Support Vital Signs
    Emergency Neurological
    Examination
    Treat cause
    Follow up
    THANK U

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