FETAL MONITORING TECHNIQUES

DURING LABOR
Presented By: SHEENA MARIE TARLE

BSN 2C - GROUP 5A
 Table of
CONTENT
Methods used to Monitor
Introduction Fetal Heart Rate

FHR Patterns Contraction Pattern

01
 Introduction
Fetal monitoring is a way for physician to monitor unborn infant's heartbeat and to ensure
that there are no any medical complications. The process is done under the facilitation of
special designed biomedical equipment known as CTG machine.

02
METHODS USED TO MONITOR
FETAL HEART RATE

03
 INTERMITTENT
AUSCULTATION
Auscultation is a method of listening to the fetal
heartbeat for about 60 seconds by using a fetal
stethoscope (fetoscope or Pinard), or a hand-held
Doppler ultrasound.
Intermittent auscultation should be done:
• Every 15-30 mins. during active phase of 1st
stage,
• Every 5-15 mins. during the pushing phase
of 2nd stage.
05
Electronic Fetal Monitoring
(EFM)
EFM is an electronic monitor used to continuously
measures the fetus’s heart rate and using a pressure
sensor to monitor the mother’s contractions at the
same time.

There are two types of EFM:

• External Monitoring
• Internal Monitoring

06
 Indications for EFM:
• Pregnancy complications (Diabetes, Preeclampsia,...)
• Pre-term labor
• Previous cesarean
• The baby is smaller than expected
• Multiple fetuses
• Overweight mother
• Prolonged 1st stage of labor
• The amniotic fluid contains significant amounts of meconium (The baby’s
first poo)
• Induction of labor
• A high temperature mother
05
External Monitoring
Measuring the heart rate through an
ultrasound device, and measuring
the contractions by using a pressure
sensor; both devices are held against
the mother’s belly with a belt.

06
 Internal Monitoring
Measure the heart rate through a wire called
electrode that contains a needle, inserted
through the vagina and cervix, and placed
under the baby’s scalp and measuring the
contractions with a thin tube inserted into the
uterus.

08
FHR Patterns
• Normal Pattern:
Baseline FHR = 120-160 bpm
• Tachycardia:
Baseline FHR above 160 bpm
• Bradycardia:
Baseline FHR less than 120 bpm
06
 Contraction Pattern
• Normal Contractions:
5 or fewer contractions in 10 minutes lasting about 60
seconds in the active phase.
• Contraction Intensity:
30 mmHg in early labor to 70-90 mmHg in the second
stage.

08
 References:
https//www.who.int/medical_devises/en/indexhtml
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK589158/

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