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ETHICS OF
RESEARCH
Practical Research 1
IMPORTANCE
OF ETHICS IN
RESEARCH
What is Ethics in Research & Why is it important?
IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS
IN RESEARCH
1. Ethics promotes the pursuit of knowledge, truth, and
credibility.

● It fosters values that are essential to collaborative work.

Research often involves a great deal of cooperation and
coordination among people in different fields or disciplines.
● The important values include trust, accountability, mutual
respect, and fairness.
IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS
IN RESEARCH
2. Many of the ethical norms ensure that researchers are held
accountable to the public.

3. Adherence to ethical principles helps build public support for

research.
● People are more likely to fund research studies that promote a
variety of important moral and social values such as social
responsibility, human rights, animal welfare, and health and
safety.
ETHICAL CODES AND
POLICIES FOR RESEARCH

Given the importance of ethics in the conduct of

research, many professional associations,
government agencies, and universities have come up
with the following codes and policies for research:
1. Honesty. This must be maintained in all communications (e.g., when reporting
data, results, and procedures). Data should never be fabricated, falsified, or
misrepresented.

2. Objectivity. Biases should be avoided in the experimental design, data analysis,

interpretation, expert testimony, and the other aspects of research.

3. Integrity. Consistency of thought and action is the foundation of the credibility of

any research work. Promises and agreements should be kept and all actions should
be made with a sincere purpose.

4. Care. Careless errors and negligence should be avoided. Your work and the works
of your peers should be critically examined. Records of research activities should be
kept in good order and condition.
5. Openness. The researcher should be open to criticisms and new ideas. Research
data, results, ideas, and resources should also be shared with the public.

6. Respect for intellectual property. Proper acknowledgement should be given to all

authors cited and sources used in your research.

7. Confidentiality. Confidential communications or documents should be protected.

8. Responsible publication. The study should be done with the purpose of advancing
research and scholarship. Any paper should not be submitted to two or more journals
or publications at the same time; unless agreed upon by the editors or publishing
companies and made clear to the readers.
9. Responsible mentoring. The research should seek to educate, mentor, and advise
students.

10. Respect for colleagues. All peers should be treated fairly.

11. Social responsibility. Social good should be promoted and social harm should be
avoided.
12. Non-discrimination. All those eligible to participate in research should be allowed
to do so. Researchers should also not discriminate against participants based on age,
sexual orientation, ethnicity, and social status, among others, nor use discriminatory
grounds to select participants.

13. Competence. Professional competence and expertise should be maintained and

improved with the research.

14. Legality. A researcher should know and obey relevant laws and institutional and
government policies.
 RIGHTS OF
RESEARCH
PARTICIPANTS
The main purpose of research is to produce results that would benefit the stakeholders in the study.
Likewise, the participants are crucial elements of the research and they have the same rights as the
research beneficiaries.
 Voluntary participation.
Any person should not be forced to
participate in undertaking. As a
researcher, an act of refusal to
participate must be respected.
Risk of harm.
Participants should be protected from
physical, financial, or psychological
harm. One of the researcher's duty to
avoid, prevent, or minimize harm to the
participants of the study.
Informed consent.
Prospective research participants must
be fully informed about the procedures
and risks involved in the research. Their
consent to participate must be secured.
Anonymity.
The participants must remain
anonymous throughout the study even
to the researchers themselves.