HOW STATE GOVT.

WORKS

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 Why do we have State government?

India is a huge country with 28 states

and 9 union territories.
Distribution of power between the
Centre and states has been provided
for in the Constitution of India for the
smooth functioning of the country.

The state government is responsible for

good governance of the people of the state.
Number of states : 28
Number of UT : 9 The state government manages the affairs
of the state at three levels – Legislative,
Executive and Administrative.

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The State Legislature consists of the States having one
house is known as
Governor and one or two houses. unicameral
In states where there are two States having two
houses there is a Legislative Council house is known as
bicameral
and a Legislative Assembly .

•The Legislative Council (Vidhan

Parishad), is the Upper House.
•Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) is the
Lower House of the State Legislature.
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 Powers and Functions of Legislative Assembly
It acts as the highest law making organ of the state.

1. A proposal to pass a law or to amend an existing one is called a

bill. Bill is introduced in legislative assembly.

2. These proposals are debated or discussed among the members of

the assembly before voting.

3. Once the bill is approved with majority vote it is sent to the other
house where it goes through same procedure.

4. Thereafter the bill goes to the Governor for his approval. Once
approved the bill becomes a law.

The budget and all money bills can only be introduced in the legislative
assembly while other bills may be introduced in the legislative council.
 What is a Budget ?
•Budget is like a future account of the government. It gives
the proposals of income and expenditure of the government.

• The budget is presented by the Finance Minister.

What comprises the Executive

•The Executive comprises of council of ministers and Chief
minister.
• The members of the assembly control the Executive.
Powers and Functions of Legislative Council
The legislative council is mainly an advisory body.

•The members of the legislative council are not directly

elected by the people of the state but by different bodies
of the state.

• This is a permanent Body.

• The members are elected for a term of six years.

The states having two houses are called bicameral.

Bicameral states are Orrisa, Bihar, Karnataka, Telangana
Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh, A.P. .
 The Governor
The Governor is the constitutional head
of the state.
-He is appointed by the President of the
Eligibility:
Country. 1. He/she has to be a
-He appoints the Chief Minister and citizen of India.
other members of the council of 2. He/she should not
be a member of
ministers. either house of
-He appoints the advocate general and parliament or state
other officers of the state. legislature.
-Every bill has to be approved by the 3. He/she cannot
hold
Governor. any office of profit.
-He has the right to dissolve the
legislature.
 What is a Constituency?

Every state is divided into

small areas called
constituencies’ which is a
specified area covering one The State
or more districts. Each such Legislative
Assembly
constituencies’ has an consists of not
elected representative, who more than 500
is a member of the members and
not less than 60.
Legislative Assembly.
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 Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA)
Every 5 years election is announced for State’
Legislative Assembly. Political parties nominate their
people for each constituency. All members of the
Legislative Assembly are elected on the basis of
adult franchise, and one member is elected from
one constituency.

A Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) is

a representative elected by the voters of an
electoral district (constituency) to
the Legislature of a State in the Indian
system of government.
To be member of the Legislative Assembly, a person must be a citizen
MLA of India, must be at least 25 years of age, and must have such other
qualification as may be prescribed by the President.
 How is government formed in State
After the election of Legislative Assembly,
the political party whose MLAs won more
than half the number of constituencies in a
state is said to be in a majority and has the
first right to form the Government of the
state.

Coalition government: When no single party have a clear majority,

different parties may join together to form a coalition government.

The leader of the majority party is appointed as the

chief minister by the governor.
Eligibility for Chief Minister : Citizen of India., 25 years of
age. Should be a member of either house of State
 Power & functions of Chief Minister

1.The Chief Minister is the leader of the Legislative Assembly

of the State.

2.He selects the ministers in the Council of Ministers. As the

head of the council, he allocates the portfolios or
departments to them.

3.The CM is the main link between the Governor and the

state cabinet. Generally the Governor exercises all his
functions on the advice of the Chief Minister.

4.It is his duty to communicate to the Governor all decisions

of the Council of Ministers.

5. As the chief spokesman of the State Government, all

important announcements on behalf of government is made
CM by him.
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 Power & functions of Chief Minister
6. The policies and workings of the different ministries are
monitored and co-ordinate by him. He summons and presides
over the meetings of the Council of Ministers.

7. The Governor appoints or dismisses other ministers on his

advice. The Chief Minister allocates or re-allocates the
portfolios among the ministers.

8. Sole channel of communication between his ministers &

Legislature. (bills, resolution, etc., moved in Legislature must
have his approval).

9. He remains responsible to the Legislative Assembly for the

acts performed by the State Council of Ministers.

10. If the Chief Minister resigns, the entire Council of

CM Ministers is bound to resign.
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 Role of Media
Media works as a link between the government and the
electorate in which it conveys to the masses about the work
of the government. Media includes newspaper, television
broadcast, radio broadcast, etc. Since media has a far and Press Conference:
wide reach, it acts as a medium to portray the various
policies and performance of the government to the people. It is a conference where
media representatives are
invited and given details
Ministers and representatives hold press conference or
of actions, policies and
make press release to connect with the people they views of the government
represent. Information of new policies made by the on any specific aspect.
government are circulated through various media channels The media persons are
to reach people wide and far. allowed to interact,
question on the issue and
Similarly opposition parties reach out to the people in report it in media for the
different forms to convey their views on policies and information of the public.
performance of the ruling party. They do this through press
conference, media debates, etc. Other forms of opposition
are public rallies, public debates, protest marches, etc.
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 The Lok Sabha, the lower house of the
Parliament of India, is made up of
Members of Parliament (MPs). Each
represents a single geographic
constituency. There are currently
543 constituencies.
Additional
Information
Each state has between seven and
nine MLA for every Member of
Parliament (MP) that it has in the Lok
Sabha.

Odisha state has 21 Member of

Parliament (MP) seats.
 Q1 : What is a coalition government ?
-In the assembly election, if no single
party gets a clear majority, then two
or more parties join together to form
the government. Such a government
is called a coalition government.
Q&A Q2 : What is collective responsibility?
-The council of ministers are
individually and collectively
responsible to the assembly. If a
particular minister loses the
confidence of the assembly, all the
ministers have to resign.
 THANK YOU

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