design guidelines and considerations

building types
strictly residential (single detached)

 Identify owner’s requirements and wish-list

 Users profile

 Special treatment regarding spaces concerning

environmental factors

residential
subdivision planning

 Consider lot size given for apportioning

 Roadway system shall be double loaded type

 provide buffer trees on the perimeter fronting a source of nuissances

 follow design standards set by authorities

 meandering raodways create more interest

residential
apartments/ townhouses/ walk-up condominiums

 Cluster arrangements are preferred

 consider utilities and services like the use of meter banking

electrical room, fire exits and suppression system,
vertical transport, laundry areas, water tanks etc.

 follow design standards set by authorities

 hallways must be adequate

residential
 offices
 Consider nature / function/ services of the office

 Open planning concept is OK

 Most economical ratio 70% rentable space

30% circulatory/ service areas

 Problem specific situations must be carefully analyzed

 If basement parking is required, take note of density requirements

commercial
banks
 The vault shall be so located at the most secured
independent spot within the building
 The manager’s cubicle/ office shall be near the public area

 Define banking floor and clerical area

 Straightforward circulation

 Security is priority

commercial
hotels

 Guest’s needs always first

 Guest rooms must be provided with adequate facilities

 Internal T&B for guest rooms OK, Bed areas must be

adjacent to area with window
 Kitchen areas must be accessible to function areas
60% dining, 40% kitchen

 Provide adequate BOH area away from public view

 Business center and concierge must be accessible from all points

 Hospitable atmosphere for the whole setting

commercial
cinema

 Sightlines in relation to the screen and seating configuration

“60 cone of vision”
 Fire protection system and exits must be equally distributed

 Acoustical treatment and lighting system

 Active ventilation

commercial
recording/ sound studio
 Acoustical treatment

 Apply the principle of “box within a box”

 Cotrol booth with sound equipments

 For dubbing studio provide projector room and

screen with sound effects pit
 No walls are perpendicular to each other

 Floor must be raised floor system

commercial
shopping center
 “Every square inch counts”

 Display of merchandise

 Space configuration to maximize foot traffic

 Ample parkings slot available

 Service and delivery system

 Convenient circulation and wayfinding

commercial
Seaports/ Airports
 Passenger and cargo traffic must be segregated

 Terminal building must be provided with appropriate facilities

 Coast guard office / Air Transportation Office is required,

provide it with communication facilities

 Land transportation access must be included

 Passenger concourse and waiting area must be adequate

especially during peak season

commercial
manufacturing- large scale industry
 Eco-environmental considerations in terms of its emitted pollutants

 Buffers zones are very essential

 Roadways must accommodate movement of

large vehicles and equipment
 Site zoning must be clearly established:
Administrative, Production, Storage, Prohibited, Utilities
 Safety features must be included

industrial
 factories
 Eco-environmental considerations in terms of its emitted pollutants

 Internal zoning must be established:

Color coding of areas are preferred to monitor flow
 Catwalks can be provided for systems supervisor

 Clinic must be near production area

 Loading and Unloading zones for raw and finished products

must be properly located in relation to storage facilities

 Pollutants must be checked

industrial
shipyards/ hangars
 Stockyard for materials must be large enough to
accommodate volume of materials

 Check dimensions of ship/ aircraft- space must

accommodate different models

 Repair sheds should have ample structure height

industrial
schools
 Identify primary users’ profile

 Consider the 3 major components of the academe:

Instruction, research, and extension
 Lecture room size as per DepED/ CHED requirements:
7m X 9m for 40 students
 Provide ample circulation facilities

 Safety and security measures

institutional
research laboratory
 Holding area of specimens

 Safety and security measures

 Provision of work stations and technical library

 Records vault and surveillance system

 Databank location

institutional
library
 Determine book holdings

 Use of ICT features

 Provide book repairs and work area

 Ample storage facilities

 Dumbwaiter for multi floor libraries

 Ample light and ventilation

institutional
museum
 Circulation system/ flow of viewers

 Vault of priceless collections

 Curatorial spaces

 Workshop area for repair, restoration and maintenance of artefacts

 Flexible service entrance for large materials

 Safety and security

institutional
city hall / civic center
 Application of all laws and provisions on design and construction

 Heavy public oriented/ transactional areas must be on the ground floor

 Linear flow of civic services

 Flagpole and assembly area

 Recreational facilities

institutional
 hospital
 Strict zoning of areas- sterile/ non sterile, private/ public, quiet/ noisy

 Relationship of major divisions-

OPD/ Emergency/ Clinical/ Surgical/ Wards/
Administration/Ancillary
 Centralized Planning

institutional
fire station
 Importance of the apparatus floor

 Hose tower

 Quarters and living areas

 Administration and night watch

 Equipment storage and facilities

institutional
embassy
 Delineation of consular affairs, attaches portfolio office
and ambassadorial
 Security and evacuation features

 Quarters and residential units

 Public spaces, presence of flagpole

 Image, character

institutional
penitentiary
 Classification of areas by concentric arrangement construction

 Security/ surveillance features

 Recreational/ occupational areas

 Humane environment

institutional
police station
 Booking counter

 Armory must be near office of station commander

 Safety and security features

 Cell separation

institutional
Sports Facilities
 climate conditions

 population of
players, expectators, and support persons

 availability of land and site

 safety

 surfacing of the play areas

parks

 openness

 free flowing movement

 segregation of areas of different activities and features

 landscaping and way finding elements