Literary Devices: Exploring

Creative Techniques

Winda Patrika Embun Sari,

M.Fil
Identifying and analyzing literary
devices such as foreshadowing,
irony, and allegory
Literary devices are
the tools that authors
use to convey
messages, ignite
readers imaginations,
and deepen
understanding of the
story.
Foreshadowing is a technique where the author provides clues or hints about
events to come in the story. It helps build tension and anticipation for the
reader. An example of foreshadowing is when someone narrates a nightmare about
someone's downfall, which later unfolds in the story.
Irony occurs when there's a contrast between
what should happen and what actually happens.
There are several types of irony, including
situational irony (when what occurs is contrary
to expectations), verbal irony (when words are
used to convey a meaning opposite to their
literal meaning), and dramatic irony (when the
audience or reader knows something unknown to
the character). An example of irony is when
someone who is extremely afraid of fire dies in
a fire.
Allegory is the use of narrative or imagery
to represent specific ideas, values, or
meanings on a larger scale. It can be used
to convey deep moral or social messages.
 Irony vs Alegory

Irony is like life's unexpected twists,

where what's expected or understood
contrasts with reality.

It's used to highlight discrepancies or

contradictions between expectations and
what actually happens.

There are different types of irony,

including situational (unexpected
outcomes), verbal (saying one thing but
meaning another), and dramatic
(audience knowing something characters
don’t).

Example: In William Shakespeare's

"Romeo and Juliet," Juliet fakes her
death, but Romeo doesn't know, leading
to tragic consequences as he believes she's
truly dead.
Allegory is like storytelling in disguise,
where characters or events represent
deeper ideas or values.
It's often used to simplify complex
concepts by turning them into
relatable stories or images.
Allegory is about
using stories to
represent bigger
ideas, while irony
is about life's
surprises and
contradictions.
Thank you