Parts of the
Thesis/Capstone Project
Document
PAULINE MAYORDOMO- TORION, Ph.D.
Course Facilitator
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature
Writing a review of related literature involves synthesizing and analyzing existing
research and literature relevant to your topic of interest. Here's a step-by-step guide on
how to write one:
1. Identify Your Topic and Scope:
• Define your research question or topic of interest.
• Determine the scope of your review. Are you focusing on a specific aspect or
time period? Be clear about what you intend to cover.
2. Search for Relevant Literature:
• Use academic databases, journals, books, and other reputable sources to find
relevant literature.
• Utilize search terms and keywords related to your topic to ensure you find the
most pertinent sources.
• Keep track of the sources you find for later reference.
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature
3. Evaluate and Select Sources:
• Critically evaluate the quality and relevance of each source. Consider factors such as
credibility, methodology, and publication date.
• Select sources that provide valuable insights and contribute to your understanding of
the topic.
4. Organize Your Literature:
• Create a structured outline for your review. Common methods include chronological,
thematic, or methodological organization.
• Group similar sources together to facilitate comparison and analysis.
5. Summarize and Synthesize:
• Write concise summaries of each source, highlighting key findings, methodologies, and
conclusions.
• Synthesize the information from multiple sources to identify common themes,
controversies, or gaps in the literature.
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature
6. Analyze and Interpret:
• Analyze the literature to identify patterns, trends, and relationships between
different studies.
• Discuss the strengths and limitations of existing research and any conflicting
findings.
7. Provide Critical Commentary:
• Offer your own insights and interpretations of the literature.
• Discuss the implications of the research findings and how they relate to your
own study or research question.
8. Cite Your Sources:
• Ensure proper citation of all the sources you include in your review.
• Follow the appropriate citation style (e.g., APA, MLA) as per the guidelines
provided by your institution or publication.
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature
9. Write and Revise:
• Write your review, following the structure and organization outlined in your outline.
• Revise your review to ensure clarity, coherence, and logical flow of ideas.
• Check for grammar, spelling, and formatting errors.
10. Conclusion:
• Summarize the key findings and insights from your review.
• Discuss the implications of the literature for future research or practical applications.
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature
Sample of review of related literature
Effects of Social Media on Mental Health: A Review
Introduction:
Social media platforms have become integral parts of modern life, profoundly
influencing communication, social interaction, and behavior. However, concerns
have emerged regarding their impact on mental health. This review synthesizes
existing literature to explore the various effects of social media usage on mental
well-being.
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature
Social Comparison and Self-esteem:
Numerous studies suggest a link between social media use and increased social
comparison, leading to decreased self-esteem, particularly among adolescents and
young adults (Fardouly et al., 2015; Vogel et al., 2014).
Exposure to idealized images and lifestyles on social media platforms can foster
feelings of inadequacy and low self-worth, contributing to negative psychological
outcomes.
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature
Depression and Anxiety:
Research indicates a correlation between excessive social media use and symptoms
of depression and anxiety (Primack et al., 2017; Twenge & Campbell, 2018).
Factors such as cyberbullying, fear of missing out (FOMO), and constant
comparison to others' curated online personas contribute to heightened levels of
psychological distress.
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature
Sleep Disturbances:
Studies have found a relationship between heavy social media use, particularly
before bedtime, and sleep disturbances such as insomnia and disrupted sleep
patterns (Levenson et al., 2016; Woods & Scott, 2016).
The addictive nature of social media engagement, coupled with the blue light
emitted by screens, interferes with the body's circadian rhythm, negatively
impacting sleep quality and duration.
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature
Positive Social Support:
Conversely, some research suggests that social media can provide a platform for
positive social support and connection, which may enhance well-being and reduce
feelings of loneliness (Kross et al., 2013; Ellison et al., 2007).
When used in moderation and for meaningful interactions, social media platforms
can facilitate emotional support and foster a sense of community.
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature
Potential Moderating Factors:
Studies propose various moderating factors that influence the relationship between
social media use and mental health outcomes, including individual characteristics
(e.g., personality traits), usage patterns (e.g., passive consumption vs. active
engagement), and content preferences (e.g., positive vs. negative content) (Verduyn
et al., 2017; Shakya & Christakis, 2017).
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature
Conclusion:
The literature reviewed highlights the complex and multifaceted relationship
between social media usage and mental health. While excessive and problematic use
of social media is associated with negative psychological outcomes, it is essential to
recognize the potential benefits of social connection and support facilitated by these
platforms. Future research should further explore the underlying mechanisms and
identify strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of social media on mental well-
being.
