Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CHAPTER ONE
THE NATURE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Chapter Objectives
E.g. : merchant, farmers and /or the professionals they all operate at risk
The other development during the 18 th Century is the differentiation of the entrepreneurial
role from capital providing role. The later role is the base for today’s venture capitalist.
In the late 19th and early 20th Century an entrepreneur was viewed from economic
perspectives. The entrepreneur organizes and operates an enterprise for personal gain. In
the middle of the 20th Century the notion of an entrepreneur as an inventor as established.
Economic Independence
Accepting Risk
qualities:
3. Risk Taking: The best entrepreneurs Set their own objectives where
there is moderate risk of failure and take calculated risks.
Importance of Risk-taking
Build self confidence
Efficiency: Being efficient means producing results with little wasted effort.
Cost-effectiveness
Better profitability
Social responsibility
Reputation
Objectives - are specific and measurable. They are concise and specific.
Attainable: entrepreneurs can set goals which are beyond their reach. Dream big
and aim for the stars but keep one foot firmly based in reality.
Cont.
Relevant: Achievable business goals are based on the current conditions and
who interact and remain in informal contact for mutual assistance or support.
Negotiation skills
Cont.
10. Building Self-confidence
Risk-taking
Independent
Perseverance
physical and financial resources needed to run the venture. They are:
Cont.
1. Strategy Skills – An ability to consider the business as a whole deliver value to its
customers better than its competitors.
2. Planning Skills – An ability to consider what the future might offer, how it will
impact on the business and what needs to be done to prepare for it now.
3. Marketing Skills – An ability to see how they satisfy the customer’s needs and why
the customer finds them attractive.
only be successful if the peoples who make it up are properly directed and
are committed to make an effort on its behalf.
3. Motivation Skills – An ability to enthuse people and get them to give their full
commitment to the tasks in hand.
1. Employees
2. Investors
3. Supplier
4. Customers
A. Economic Environment
Economic environment is of multidimensional nature. It consists of the structure
of the economy, the industrial, agricultural, trade and transport policies of the
country, the growth and pattern of national income and its distribution etc.
Cont.
The success of a business enterprise depends considerably upon
the State and growth of the economy.
B. Legal Environment
• an adequate knowledge of laws and rules is necessary for
efficient managerial performance.
• When new laws are made and controls exercised through legal
enactments, the first reaction of the business community is to
oppose them and disobey them.
• Management should try to understand what should be the right
laws and strictly obey them when so made.
• In addition, it can influence the government to change and
improve the law and make it useful to the business community.
Cont.
an entrepreneur should:
• Read the books that enlighten on the legal side of business
C. Political Environment
• Managers and entrepreneurs should understand the working of the political
system. Such understanding and concern for national problems will help them in
the long run in discharging their responsibilities to the satisfaction of the public.
• Public opinion is very important and today's public opinion becomes tomorrow's
The variables that are appraised are values, beliefs, norms, fashions and fads of
a particular society.
It can help in understanding the level of rigidity/flexibility of a given society
E. Demographic Environment
It assesses the overall population pattern of a given geographical region. It
includes variables like age profile, distribution, sex, education profile, income
distribution etc.
The demographic appraisal can help in identifying the size of target customers.
Internal Environment
1.7.1 Creativity
Creativity is defined as the tendency to generate or recognize ideas, alternatives, or
possibilities that may be useful in solving problems, communicating with others, and
entertaining ourselves and others.
Creativity is the ability to come up with new idea and to identify new and different ways
of looking at a problem and opportunities. This definition has several key elements that
are worth considering:
Process: it is more like a skill than an attitude and that you can get better at it with
practice
Recombining: the creative process is one of putting things together in unexpected ways.
Steps in the Creative Process
Step 3: Incubation: the person keeps the assembled information in mind for a
while. the information is simmering it is being arranged into meaningful new
patterns.
exploitation of opportunity.
It is the implementation of new idea at the individual, group or organizational
level.
might be made.
A. New product
B. New Services
Creativity is the ability to develop new ideas and to discover new ways of