SCIATIC NERVE

G ABHISHAI
ROLL NO:-71
SCIATIC NERVE

• Sciatic nerve is the thickest nerve of the Humana body,in

its upper part it forms band about 2 cm thick
• Sciatic nerve Enters the gluteal region through greater
sciatic foramen below the piriformis
• It runs downwards between the greater trochanter and
ischial tuberosity
• Finally , it terminates at superior angle of popliteal fossa
by dividing into tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve
ORIGIN

• Sciatic nerve is the largest branch of sacra plexus

• ROOT VALUES :- Anterior primary rami of L4,5,S1,2,3
• Sciatic nerve made up of two parts.

Tibial part
-it is formed by ventral divisions of anterior primary rami of L4,5,S1,3

Common peroneal part

-it is formed by dorsal divisions of anterior primary rami of L4,5,S1,2
COURSE AND RELATIONS

In pelvis:-the nerve lies in front of the piriformis under cover of its fascia
In Gluteal region:-the sciatic nerve enter through greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis
, it runs downwards between ischial tuberosity
and greater trochanter . Relations Superficial or posterior:
*Gluteus maximus
. Deep or anterior:
*Body of the ischium.
*Tendon of the obturator internus with the gemelli.
* Quadratus femoris, obturator externus.
* The capsule of the hip joint.
*The upper, transverse fibers of the adductor magnus.
Medial:
*Inferior gluteal nerve and vessels.
• In the thigh:- the sciatic nerve enters the back of the thigh at lower border of the gluteus
• gluteus maximus,and it runs downwards upto the superior angle of.
. popliteal fossa and terminates by dividing into tibial nerve and common. .
. peroneal nerve
• . Superficial or posterior:
Relations
*It is crossed by the long head of the
. biceps femoris.
Deep or anterior:
*It lies on the adductor magnus.
Medial:
*The semimembranosus, and the
semitendinosus.
Lateral:
*Biceps femoris.
 BRANCHES

• Articular branches to the hip joint arises in the Gluteal region

• Muscular branches :the tibial part supplies semitendinosus,semimembrinosus and long head of
biceps femoris common peroneal part supplies short head of biceps femoris
 CLINICAL ANATOMY

SCIATICA
• Shooting pain along the cutaneous distribution of the
sciatic nerve and its terminal branches, chiefly the common
peroneal.
• Pain usually begins in the gluteal region, and radiates along
the back of the thigh, and the lateral side of the leg, to the
dorsum of the foot.
• This is usually due to compression of one or more nerve
roots forming the sciatic nerve.
• The cause may be disc prolapse, neuritis, etc.
SLEEPING FOOT

• The temporary compression of the sciatic nerve against femur at the

lower border of gluteus maximus causes paresthesia in the lower
limb.
• The sciatic nerve is uncovered on the back of thigh in the angle
between the lower border of gluteus maximus and long head of
biceps femoris.
• when a person sits on the hard edge of the chair for a long time.
 SEMIMEMBRANOSUS BURSITIS

• The semimembranosus bursa on medial side may get inflamed.

• Baker’s cyst is the herniation of the synovial membrane and lies in the
midline.
• The sciatic nerve may be injured by penetrating wounds, dislocation of
the hip.
• This results in loss of all movements below the knee with foot drop;
sensory loss on the back of the thigh, the whole of the leg, and the foot.
• Motor loss includes loss of hamstring muscles, loss of dorsiflexors,
plantar flexors, evertors and muscles of sole.