Primary, secondary, and

tertiary activity

Chapter 8
Three categories of business activity

01 02
Primary sector Secondary sector

03
Tertiary sector
 Primary
sector

01 production involving the extraction of raw

materials from the earth.
Primary sector
Mining & quarrying – processes of extracting raw materials from the
ground, such as coal, iron ore, copper, tin salt, and limestone.

 Fishing – netting, trapping ,angling ,trawling fish & includes

gathering seafood. China produces the majority of the world’s fish.

Forestry – managing forests to provide timber for wood products.

Modern forestry – protecting the natural environment, providing

access & facilities to the public &managing wildlife habitats

Agriculture
 involves a range of farming activities
 the most important primary sector activity
 concerned with food production mostly
 includes ornamental products such as cut flowers, nursery plants&
tropical fish
 Secondary sector

02
production involving the conversion of raw materials into
finished and semi finished goods.
Secondary sector

manufacturing, processing & construction are lies within

include metal working, car production, textile production, chemical &
engineering industries. aerospace vices manufacturing, energy utilities.
engineering. food processing, construction and shipbuilding.
 Tertiary sector

03 the production of services in the economy

Tertiary sector
 Professional services: accountancy, legal advice and medical care

 Transport: train. taxi, bus and air services

 Household services: plumbing, decorating, gardening and house maintenance

 Leisure services: television. tourism. hotels and libraries

 Financial services: banking, insurance. investment advice and pensions

 Commercial services: freight delivery, debt collection, printing, and employment agencies.
 04 05

Interdependence Changes in sectors

 Interdependence

04
Each of the three sectors listed above is likely to be
interdependent. This implies that they are reliant on
one another. This interdependence is enormous in
developed economies. The primary sector provides
food for workers in both the secondary and tertiary
sectors.
 Change in sectors
De-industrialisation-the decline in manufacturing

05
Why has manufacturing declined in developed countries while services
have grown?

prefer to spend a larger portion of their earnings on services rather than

manufactured goods.
o a decline in demand for the goods produced by traditional industries in
manufacturing (e.g. shipbuilding,textiles)
o some fierce competition in the production of manufactured goods from
developing countries like India,China,Brazil
o as countries develop the public sector grows.This adds to the growth of the
tertiary sector.

o advances in technology means that employment in manufacturing falls.

 Thank you for your attention!!!

Presented by Hsu Myat Zin Min

Ei Myat Ko
Zin May Thant
Hsu Lei Nandar

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