DENTAL CARIES DENTAL CARIES

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NORMAL TOOTH NORMAL TOOTH
TYPES OF TOOTH LOSS TYPES OF TOOTH LOSS
Loss of tooth substance in different Loss of tooth substance in different
ways: ways:
Microbial tooth loss (dental caries) Microbial tooth loss (dental caries)
Non microbial tooth loss Non microbial tooth loss
(attrition, abrasion and erosion) (attrition, abrasion and erosion)
DENTAL CARES DENTAL CARES
% %
t is a disease of microbial origin in t is a disease of microbial origin in
which the dietary carbohydrates are which the dietary carbohydrates are
fermented by the bacteria forming fermented by the bacteria forming
an acid which causes the an acid which causes the
demineralization of the inorganic part demineralization of the inorganic part
and disintegration of the organic part and disintegration of the organic part
of the tooth of the tooth
Dental caries Dental caries
Dental caries Dental caries
ETIOLOGY ETIOLOGY
Dental caries Dental caries
Etiology of Dental Caries: Etiology of Dental Caries:
MAJOR FACTORS MAJOR FACTORS
1. Role of bacteria 1. Role of bacteria
Normal flora of the oral cavity contains Normal flora of the oral cavity contains
abundance of bacteria which derive there abundance of bacteria which derive there
energy by the chemical process of energy by the chemical process of
fermentation fermentation
Mainly the bacteria are Streptococcus Mainly the bacteria are Streptococcus
Mutans,and streptococcus sobrinus Mutans,and streptococcus sobrinus
collectively known mutans collectively known mutans
streptococci(MS) streptococci(MS)
Dental caries Dental caries
. Role of plaque: . Role of plaque:
!laque is an adhesive layer which !laque is an adhesive layer which
deposits on the surface of the tooth deposits on the surface of the tooth
and has colonies of bacteria and has colonies of bacteria
!laque tends to stick to the surface !laque tends to stick to the surface
of the teeth and in this way the of the teeth and in this way the
bacteria can have there cariogenic bacteria can have there cariogenic
effect on the tooth effect on the tooth
ncrease bulk of the plaque ncrease bulk of the plaque
Dental caries Dental caries
!laque on the !laque on the
surface of the surface of the
tooth (enamel) tooth (enamel)
Dental caries Dental caries
. Role of saliva: . Role of saliva:
t plays role in increasing the t plays role in increasing the
cariogenic effect on the teeth and as cariogenic effect on the teeth and as
well it has the buffering action. well it has the buffering action.
Saliva has a cleansing effect also Saliva has a cleansing effect also
Dental caries Dental caries
. Role of carbohydrates: . Role of carbohydrates:
ermentable carbohydrates are on of the ermentable carbohydrates are on of the
most important cause of causing dental most important cause of causing dental
caries. caries.
ncrease in the intake of refined ncrease in the intake of refined
carbohydrates are directly proportional in carbohydrates are directly proportional in
causing the dental caries causing the dental caries
Different studies and indicies have been Different studies and indicies have been
done in order to know the role of done in order to know the role of
carbohydrates in causing the dental carbohydrates in causing the dental
caries. caries.
Dental caries Dental caries
Dietary sugars are mainly sucrose Dietary sugars are mainly sucrose
which is cheap and easily produced which is cheap and easily produced
from sugar cane and has very high from sugar cane and has very high
calories sucrose is present in wheat calories sucrose is present in wheat
and potatoes. and potatoes.
Sucrose substitutes are palatinose, Sucrose substitutes are palatinose,
Trehalulose and sugar alcohols Trehalulose and sugar alcohols
Dental caries Dental caries
MINOR FACTORS: MINOR FACTORS:
namel composition namel composition
Morphology of the tooth Morphology of the tooth
!osition of the tooth !osition of the tooth
Diet Diet
mmunity mmunity
ICROBIOLOGY ICROBIOLOGY
Dental caries Dental caries
MICROBIOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY
|. |ssts.|s |s.s|.si |. |ssts.|s |s.s|.si . .
Streptococci e.g mutans, sobrinus Streptococci e.g mutans, sobrinus
Lactobacilli e.g acidophilus Lactobacilli e.g acidophilus
. |sss|||, sssss|stsi |ssts.|s . |sss|||, sssss|stsi |ssts.|s : :
Steptococci e.g mitis Steptococci e.g mitis
Actinomyces e.g viscosus Actinomyces e.g viscosus
|ssts.|s |ssts.|s
|ssts.|s |ssts.|s