MLMS based reconcenLraLor

Mlhlr aLel ur 8ashl naLhawaL rof v 8 8ao

LL ll1 8ombay
(31
sL
CcL '11)
8rlef overvlew of whaL we wanL
W 1o develop eldporLable and near real Llme analysls capablllLy
W ConvenLlonal sLalnlessLube preconcenLraLors are large ln slze and consume
hlgh power durlng Lhermal desorpLlon 1hey also suffer from large dead volume
and llmlLed heaLlng efflclency due Lo Lhelr large Lhermal mass
W Maklng a mlcrofabrlcaLed preconcenLraLor (uC) wlll answer Lhe quesLlon of
porLablllLy power performance
W rlnclple of uC adsorb analyLe of lnLeresL from Lhe sample on Lhe polymer
adsorbenL Llll we have large enough concenLraLlon and Lhen release Lhe
adsorbed analyLe by applylng LemperaLure pulse
W 8enef|ts of uC low Lhermal mass low power consumpLlon porLablllLy sLeep
LemperaLure ramp posslble narrow concenLraLlonLlme response aldlng
lmprovemenL of senslLlvlLy sLacklng of uC ls serles Lo lncrease selecLlvlLy
W Jft we wfnt to fn|eve for uC hlgher surface area Lo adsorb large number
of molecules reduce Lhermal mass mechanlcal robusLness manufacLurablllLy
lowcosL compaLlble wlLh exlsLlng mechanlcal seLup novelLy
JhaL are Lhe posslble approaches ?
W Je can play wlLh Lhree ma[or Lhlngs
1 paLLern of uC columns (Lo achleve hlgher
surface area)
2 PeaLer deslgn (Lo reduce Lhermal mass Lo
achleve hlgher LemperaLure aL Lhe polymer
surface for same lnpuL power le hlgher
efflclency)
3 MaLerlals (Lo achleve hlgher surface area Lo
reduce Lhermal mass for hlgher efflclency how
are Lhey dlfferenL ! for novelLy )
1 paLLern of uC columns
a 1opdown approach LlLhography Lechnlques
erpent|ne des|gn
ros easy Lo manufacLure no dead area
Cons Smaller surface area Plgh Lhermal
mass
|||fr des|gn
ros Larger surface area relaLlvely low
Lhermal mass
Cons uead area depends on number and
poslLlon of lnleL/ouLleLs
b 8oLLom up approach Crowlng nfnorods of ZnC CdSe/CdS
Au Ag over a subsLraLe wlLh/wlLhouL seedlng
ros PlghesL posslble surface area
relaLlvely cheaper low Lhermal mass
novel approach (probably!)
Cons relaLlvely dlfflculL Lo manufacLure
mechanlcal sLrengLh nonunlformlLy
sLablllLy/reacLlvlLy wlLh oLher
subsLances aL hlgher LemperaLure
CourLesy 'SynLhesls and MlcromeLerScale Assembly of
Colloldal CdSe/CdS nanorods repared by a Seeded
CrowLh Approach' nAnC LL11L8S 2007 vol 7 no
10 29422930
CourLesy 'SynLhesls and MlcromeLerScale Assembly of Colloldal CdSe/CdS nanorods repared by a Seeded
CrowLh Approach' by Lulgl Carbone and coworkers nAnC LL11L8S 2007 vol 7 no 10 29422930
2 PeaLer deslgn
a SerpenLlne shape pL heaLer (wlLh suspended deslgn Lhlck
SlC2 layer 3um paddlng from one slde Lo arresL heaL flow)
CourLesy nCnLlnLA8 1PL8MAL LLLC18lC AnAL?SlS Cl LA1lnuM MlC8CPLA1L8S MSc 1hesls of
Slgurur 4glr !nsson School of Lnglneerlng and naLural SclencesunlverslLy of lceland
urffne emrfn|ng pt efter
ros Local heaLlng beLLer Lransfer of heaL Lo polymer
and hence hlgher efflcleny easy Lo manufacLure novel
(probably!)
Cons no Lheory Lo predlcL properLles Lrlalnerror
approach
n nonp|fnfr pt efter
(by sllclng surface embraclng heaLer lnLo sLrlps Lhrough
eLchlng)
ros Local heaLlng beLLer Lransfer of heaL Lo polymer
and hence hlgher efflcleny Lheorles ln place Lo predlcL
properLles
Cons ulfflculLy ln manufacLurlng
3 MaLerlals
W SelecLlng maLerlal for nanorods
preferred properLles hlgh Lhermal conducLlvlLy eg
CdSe low speclflc heaL morphologlcal
compaLlblllLy mechanlcal sLrengLh lnerL Lo
surroundlng maLerlals aL Lemp of operaLlon
W Maklng pn [uncLlon heaLers lnsLead of pL heaLers
ros operaLlon volLage 3v for porLablllLy
process and morphologlcal compaLlblllLy novel
Cons relaLlvely hlgh Lhermal mass LemperaLure
achlevablllLy llmlL wlLh llmlLed volLage
n [uncLlon as a heaLer
W 1he prlnclple of operaLlon ls Lo use n [uncLlon ln reverse
breakdown reglon
W 1he operaLlng volLage ls almosL consLanL ( reverse breakdown
volLage) and can be conLrolled by doplng lmplles we can operaLe aL
lower volLages as well!
W 1he mechanlsm ln acLlon aL breakdown ls elLher avalanche or zener
dependlng upon Lhe doplng values and elecLrlc flelds
W A dlode can be recovered back Lo lnlLlal sLaLe from breakdown
provlded we don'L desLroy Lhe [uncLlon by heaLlng lL up Loo much
W Allowed [uncLlon LemperaLure ls Lyplcally 130
C
C (ln daLasheeLs)
W Assumlng LhaL Lhermal mass ls kepL low we can achleve abouL 130
C
C aL Lhe polymer surface as well
W 1he schemaLlc of such and assembly ls shown ln Lhe nexL sllde
n [uncLlon based heaLer (exploded vlew 1)
Layers (from boLLom Lo Lop)
1 lnk Sl subsLraLe
2 8rown 1hermal oxlde
(Lhlck)
3 Cray MeLal layer
4 Creen nLype Sl
3 ?ellow Lype Sl
6 aLLern ln yellow for
Slllcldes
7 Cray MeLal layer
8 8rown ueposlLed oxlde
(Lhln)
9 8lack ZnC (seed layer +
nanorods* wlLh polymer
coaLlong )
10 Sl cover wlLh Lrench ln Lhe
mlddle (noL vlslble ln Lhe
flgure
* AlteoJy fobtlcoteJ by ut kosbl Notbowot
n [uncLlon based heaLer (acLual vlew)
renonnentrftor Des|gn pfrfmeters
ulmenslons (mm) 3 3 4 3 3
mass (grams) mass (grams) mass (grams) mass (grams) mass (grams)
Sl subsLraLe* 002 002 001024 000432 000432
SlC2 (boLLom) 003 002 001024 000432 000432
SlC2 (Lop) 000021 000021 000010732 000004336 000004336
meLal_L 000002 000002 000001024 000000432 000000432
meLal_b 000002 000002 000001024 000000432 000000432
nSl 000331 000331 0002648 0001986 0001986
ZnC2 002 002 0002684333 0000201334 0000201334
pSl 000331 000331 000169472 000071496 000071496
1oLal (gm) 003687 004687 0017393073 0007276314 0007276314
Speclflc heaL capaclLy (!/k g) 07163 07163 07163 07163 07163
LemperaLure change needed (k) 200 200 200 200 200
!oules requlred 81471962 67143962 2492018381 1042433384 1042433384
pulse Llme (s) 100L02 100L02 100L02 100L02 100L02
ower requlred 813L+02 671L+02 249L+02 104L+02 104L+02
volLage (v) 3 3 3 3 12
CurrenL (A) 163L+02 134L+02 498L+01 208L+01 869L+00
LffecLlve reslsLance of Lhe paLh (ohm) 307L02 372L02 100L01 240L01 138L+00
no of dlodes ln array 223 223 144 81 81
currenL per dlode (mA) 724L+02 397L+02 346L+02 237L+02 107L+02
reslsLance per dlode (ohm) 690L+00 838L+00 144L+01 194L+01 112L+02
Area of a dlode (mm2) 004 004 004 004 004
power denslLy (J/mm2) 903L+01 746L+01 433L+01 322L+01 322L+01
ower source requlremenLs
W Cur backofLheenvelope calculaLlons suggesL LhaL for achlevlng LemperaLure change of
200
C
C wlLhln a shorL Llme of (say 10ms) we'll have Lo supply lnpuL power of Lhe order
of 100J (lnpuL power requlremenL lncreases wlLh Lhe Lhermal mass )
W Assumlng LhaL we'll repeaL Lhe cycle 100 Llmes before recharglng Lhe power source and
preconcenLraLor uses only 20 of Lhe avallable power and works aL neL efflclency of
10 we'll need a baLLery of 100J*10L3s*100/(02*01) !12v * z As
z 41667 As 116 mAh ([ 12v)
W A Lable complllng baLLery raLlngs for Lhe cases ln prevlous slldes ls shown below
W ower source (/baLLery) ls belng used mulLlple Llmes ln Lhe bursLs modes wlLh pre
concenLraLor demandlng hlgh currenL (even Lhough for a very shorL perlod of 10ms)!
W 1hls mlghL adversely affecL Lhe baLLery llfe! Pence chooslng Lhe correcL power source
becomes exLremely lmporLanL
no of cycles of operaLlon before
recharglng 100 100 100 100 100
efflclency of preconcenLraLor (ouL of 1) 01 01 01 01 01
fracLlon of power conumed by uC 02 02 02 02 02
eak currenL requlred 163L+02 163L+02 643L+01 270L+01 113L+01
volLage of Lhe baLLery 3 3 3 3 12
8aLLery raLlng (Ah) 2263110036 2263110036 0893974884 0373320829 0136467012
Challenges wlLh conLrolllng clrculLry
W Maklng a conLrolllng clrculL LhaL regulaLes Lhe
flow of currenL lnLo Lhe uC ls a second mosL
lmporLanL challenge
W CurrenL llmlLlers and volLage clampers would
be needed Lo proLecL Lhe preconcenLraLor n
[uncLlon from unconLrolled heaLlng
Jhlch approach should we follow?
W CurrenLly we are golng wlLh one LhaL ls easlesL
Lo manufacLure SerpenLlne pL heaLers