< Cultural Values Definition

< Hierarchical Societies

Definition
Caracteristics
Suggestions for Business
< galitarian Societies
Definition
Caracteristics
Suggestions for Business
< Conclusion
< Commonly held standards of what is acceptable
or unacceptable, important or unimportant, right or
wrong, workable or unworkable, etc., in a
community or society
< A complex that includes knowledge belief, art,
morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities
and habits acquired by man as a member of
society
< Schwartz framework
< A large literature, drawing mostly on Hofstede (1980), has considered such barriers to entry under the rubric of "cultural distance.
Schwartz framework of egalitarianism dimension developed in 2001 indicates some conceptual overlap between egalitarianism and
Hofstede's power distance in that both touch on issues of power inequality. But important differences exist between them in their
theoretical justification, definitions and utilization, making Schwartz's egalitarianism measure more conducive to testing the theory. He
distinguished harmony among cultural dimensions and between sheer and directional cultural distance, and show that their role may
indeed be different. n tandem with the cultural account, he also considered additional institutional accounts including differences in legal
and political institutions. n addition, he did not simply assume cultural stability but implemented an instrumental variable approach to
egalitarianism.
efinition :
< A Hierarchical Society is a society where people
are organized into ranks.
< High-status differences
< Power concentrated with few people
< Little delegation of authority
< Formal social relations
< Maximum deference for superiors
< Superior cannot be questioned
< reat respect for old age
< No mechanisms to redress grievances
< High level of formality
< High respect for authorities
< Clearly defined roles with boundraries and
limitations
< Sexes perceived as naturally different
< Alfons Trompenaars and Charles Hampden-
Turner (1993) represent this dimension by tall
triangles
< Communicate your status, authority, credentials,
expertise, but without arrogance or boasting.
< Respect and rarely challenge those in power
< Don't impose equality on your hosts
< Pay attention to different levels of social status
when dealing with people
< Realize that subordinates expect to be closely
supervised
< nforce regulations and guidelines
< Thailand
< China
< South ast Asian, Arab or Polish
leadership
< xpansion of Bank of America Corp.
in the fast-growing country China
< Motorola in South Korea
efinition:
< A society without formalized differences in the
access to power, influence, and wealth.
< Low-status differences
< Power diffused to many people
< Delegation of authority
< nformal social relations
< Superior can be questioned
< Little respect for old age
< Alfons Trompenaars and Charles Hampden-
Turner (1993) represent this dimension by very flat
triangles
< Allow self-direction with minimal guidance from
above
< nsure flexibility in the roles
< nteract with subordinates, ask for feedback
< Reserve the right to challenge authority
< Make expectations, interpret rules and use
"common sense
< Treat sexes equally
< Norway
< Naheed Nenshi - Canada's first Muslim
mayor (October 23, 2010)
< KA management approach "KA Way
in the U.S.
< British - egalitarian in their work approach
< Daewoo in France
< Lincoln lectric oes lobal
< Challenging for a company to adjust to a higher or lower egalitarian environment
< veryone should be built upon the framework developed by Schwartz because
He heeded calls to distinguish among cultural dimensions and between sheer and
directional cultural distance,
He considered additional institutional accounts of legal and political institutions.
He implemented an instrumental variable approach to egalitarianism
Therefore we should identify entrepreneurship as a mechanism for the influence of
harmony. The more such mechanisms are identified, the richer organizational theory
and our understanding of the multinational organization will.