create by Pandu wicaksono XI IPA 1 25

13 juni 2011

Work is defined to be the product of the magnitude of the displacement times the component of the force parallel to the displacement, or W = Fd cos U Unit for work is joule, or 1 J = 1 N-m In British units, work is in ft-lb. 1 J = 107 ergs = 0.7376 ft-lb. A force can be exerted on an object and yet do NO work

1/1/2012

Chapter 6: Work and Energy - Christopher Chui

Choose an xy coordinate system // to the plane Draw a free body diagram showing all forces Determine any unknown force Find the work done by a specific force on the body by using W = Fd cos U Find the net work done on the body either adding algebraically work done by each force, or find the net force on the object, and use Wnet = Fnetd cos U
1/1/2012 Chapter 6: Work and Energy - Christopher Chui 3

KE = mv2 Work-Energy Principle: Wnet = (KE The net work done on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy If the net work done on an object is positive, then the object s kinetic energy increases; if the net work done is negative, then the KE decreases; if the work done is 0, then the KE is constant (its speed is constant)

1/1/2012

Chapter 6: Work and Energy - Christopher Chui

Potential energy is the energy associated with forces that depend on the position of a body The most common PE is gravitational PE PEgravitation = mgy Change in PE is physically meaningful Change in PE is the work required of an external force to move the object without acceleration between the two points Spring equation (Hooke s law): Fs = - kx Elastic PE = kx2
Chapter 6: Work and Energy - Christopher Chui 5

1/1/2012

Conservative forces: gravitational, elastic, electric Nonconservative forces: friction, air resistance, tension in a cord, motor or rocket propulsion, push or pull by a person PE can be defined only for a conservative force WNC = (KE + (PE

1/1/2012

Chapter 6: Work and Energy - Christopher Chui

If only conservative forces are acting, the total mechanical energy of a system neither increases nor decreases in ANY process. It stays constant it is constant KE2 + PE2 = KE1 + PE1 Conservation of energy when PE is elastic Conservation of energy when only gravity acts Frictional forces are dissipative forces, because they reduce the total mechanical energy
Chapter 6: Work and Energy - Christopher Chui 7

1/1/2012

Draw a force diagram Determine the system for which energy will be conserved Decide the initial and final locations If the body changes height, choose the lowest point to be 0 If springs are involved, choose the unstretched spring position to be x (or y) = 0 If no friction or other nonconservative forces act, then apply conservation of mechanical energy Solve for the unknown quantity If friction is present, add WNC = (KE + (PE
1/1/2012 Chapter 6: Work and Energy - Christopher Chui 8

Power is the rate at which work is done Average power = work / time = energy transformed / time 1 watt = 1 J/s 1 horsepower = 550 ft-lb/s = 746 W

1/1/2012

Chapter 6: Work and Energy - Christopher Chui