CONNECTION OF COMPUTERS OVER WIDE RANGE USING WIRELESS FIDELITY(WI FI)

BY, K.SINDHU, T.PRATHYUSHA, N.BHANU CHANDER

WiFi Introduction
Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a generic term that refers to the IEEE 802.11 communications standard for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). Wi-Fi Network connect computers to each other, to the internet and to the wired network.

AGENDA:
Wifi Wifi Technology Wifi Network hotspots OFDM Network Topology Initialisation of an Access point  Wifi Uses Wifi Advantage Conclusion

What is Wireless LAN / WiFi

Wi-Fi Technology
Wi-Fi Networks use Radio Technologies to transmit & receive data at high speed:
IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11a IEEE 802.11g

IEEE 802.11b
Operates at 2.4GHz radio spectrum 11 Mbps (theoretical speed) - within 30 m Range 4-6 Mbps (actual speed) 100 -150 feet range Most popular, Least Expensive Interference from mobile phones and Bluetooth devices which can reduce the transmission speed.

IEEE 802.11a
Operates at 5 GHz 54 Mbps (theoretical speed) 15-20 Mbps (Actual speed) 50-75 feet range More expensive Not compatible with 802.11b

IEEE 802.11g
Introduced in 2003 Combine the feature of both standards (a,b) 100-150 feet range 54 Mbps Speed 2.4 GHz radio frequencies Compatible with b

IEEE WLAN Standard 802.11n

y Currently under development. y Compatible with 802.11b, 802.11a, and 802.11g. y Potential transfer speeds range from 100 megabits per

second to 540 megabits per second. y Uses orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM).
y Single source, multiple signals.

How a Wi-Fi Network (hotspots)works ?

A Wi-Fi hotspot is created by installing an access point to an internet connection. An access point acts as a base station. When Wi-Fi enabled device encounters a hotspot the device can then connect to that network wirelessly. A single access point can support up to 30 users and can function within a range of 100 150 feet indoors and up to 300 feet outdoors. Many access points can be connected to each other via Ethernet cables to create a single large network.

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)

 Allows digital signal to be transmitted simultaneously on multiple RF carrier waves.  Modulation technique of QAM  The signals are created so that they are orthogonal to one another, there by no interference to one another.  Able to deliver higher bandwidth efficiency.

Wi-Fi Network Topologies

 AP-based topology (Infrastructure Mode)  Peer-to-peer topology (Ad-hoc Mode)

AP-based topology
The client communicate through Access Point.

Peer-to-peer topology
AP is not required. Client devices within a cell can communicate directly with each other. It is useful for setting up of a wireless network quickly and easily.

Initialization of a Access point:

y Basically we have two modes in this process: Point point over net (PPPOE): Here we can store

name and password in modem & an automatic connection is provided.  Bridge mode: The user name and password are typed manually.

Configuration of a Access point:

To configure a Access point we need to know the default IP addresses of the network & modem. Default network: 192.168.1.245 Default gateway: 192.168.1.1 A specific key is provided for each password we register. In order to connect an access point for other device the same IP address as of the network can be used.

Elements of a WI-FI Network

Access Point (AP) The AP is a wireless LAN transceiver or base station that can connect one or many wireless devices simultaneously to the Internet.

Wi-Fi cards -

They accept the wireless signal and relay information.They can be internal and external. (e.g PCMCIA Card for Laptop and PCI Card for Desktop PC)

Wireless Adapter PCMCIA

(Personal Computer Memory Card International)

Wi-Fi Users
 Frequent Travellers

 Businessmen and Corporate Managers  Students and Academicians  Administrators & Technocrats who

participate in Seminars & Conferences

 Just about anybody with a laptop

Advantages
Mobility Ease of Installation Cost Reliability Security Use unlicensed part of the radio spectrum Speed

Conclusion:y Wi-Fi is the technology which is used to connect

devices like laptops & computers without complexity . We hope that its advanced technology 802.11 n which has a speed of nearly 540 Mbps will bring more changes in future world of electronics.

Thanks