Information Engineering

Presented by:

Engr. Engr. Mia V. Eleazar

BS ECE | MS ComSci | DIT

Today
You will learn the concept of:
What is information engineering IE Framework IE techniques IE tools

Introduction
Software engineering applies structured techniques to one project. It is a systematic approach to the analysis, design, assessment, implementation, test, maintenance and reengineering of software, that is, the application of engineering to software.

Introduction
Information engineering applies structured techniques to the enterprise as a whole, or to a large section of the enterprise. The techniques of information engineering encompass those of software engineering in a modified form

Definition
the application of an interlocking set of formal techniques for the planning, analysis, design and construction of information systems on an enterprise wide basis or across a major section of the enterprise focus is on a collection of systems operating within an architecture and supporting the business as a whole

Development focus
focus is on the front end of the life cycle, ensuring the systems being built are the right solutions for the business

Methodology focus
focus is on the needs of the complete team Information Engineering supports management as in a structured method but also addresses the real work on the project through an elaborate collection on techniques

Principles
Business driven Use of graphical communication Concentrating on small projects Architecture based Continuously refined Geared towards automation

Models
In traditional data processing, separate systems were built independently. Systems were usually incompatible with one another, had incompatible data, and could be linked together only with difficulty.

Models
Some enterprises have hundreds of incompatible computer applications, all difficult and expensive to maintain. These systems are often unnecessarily redundant and expensive, and the information needed for overall management control cannot be extracted from them.

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Models
The communication of information, by whatever means, depends on the use of an information model to provide the structure for the data items that represent the information and on the use of a dictionary to define the meaning of the data items. In order to achieve understandable communication it is essential that the same information model and the same dictionary are used by all parties in the communication chain.
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Strategic Planning: Enterprise Model

Data Administration, Process Models, Data Models System Planning Analysis Code Generation Database Generation Maintenance

Design

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IE Framework
Strategic Planning
concerned with how technology can help the enterprise to be more competitive or meet its goals better

Data administration, data models, and process models

Data models and process models of a business area are created independent of any specific applications in the area
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IE Framework
Applications
Use of computerized tools to fit into the framework

Different teams in different places at different times will build systems that link into the computerized framework

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IE Techniques
Some techniques that are used during an IE project are:
Entity analysis : identifies all the things that the enterprise may want to hold data about. The analysis classifies all of the things into different entity types, revealing how they relate to each other. Function analysis and process dependency : takes a function (a major business activity) of the enterprise and breaks it down into elementary business processes.
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IE Techniques
Process logic analysis : describes the sequences of actions carried out by a business process and shows which data are used by each action. Entity type lifecycle analysis : describes the significant business changes to entities and confirm that processes have been modelled to effect these changes Matrix cross-checking : creates crossreferences between data objects and processes to verify that they are necessary and complete.
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IE Techniques
Normalization : provides a formal means of confirming the correctness of the entity model. Cluster analysis : helps define the scope of design areas for proposed business systems. Data flow and data analysis : makes a comparison possible between the business area models and the systems currently supporting this area, these current systems are analyzed using data flow and data analysis techniques.
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Corporate Information Systems Activities

There must be strategies for deployment and management of information engineering and of corporate communication networks, both closely tied to availability and adoption of new techniques. The top-level planning needs to guide and prioritize the expenditures on computing so that the IS department can contribute to the corporate objectives as effectively as possible.
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Corporate Information Systems Activities

The disciplines of information engineering are not practical without automated tools. A large amount of knowledge about the enterprise and its systems is collected over an extended period and is constantly updated. This requires a computerized repository with extensive capability for cross checking and coordinating the knowledge.
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IE Tools
Automation Tools / CAx Tools
ANN - Artificial neural network DCS - Distributed Control System HMI - Human Machine Interface SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition PLC - Programmable Logic Controller PAC - Programmable automation controller Instrumentation Motion control Robotics

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IE Tools
CASE Categories
Tools support only specific tasks in the software process. Workbenches support only one or a few activities. Environments support (a large part of) the software process.

Workbenches and environments are generally built as collections of tools. Tools can therefore be either stand alone products or components of workbenches and environments.
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CASE Tools
CASE tools are a class of software that automate many of the activities involved in various life cycle phases.

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Workbenches
Workbenches integrate several CASE tools into one application to support specific software-process activities. Hence they achieve:
a homogeneous and consistent interface (presentation integration). easy invocation of tools and tool chains (control integration). access to a common data set managed in a centralized way (data integration).
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Workbenches
CASE workbenches can be further classified into following 8 classes:
Business planning and modeling Analysis and design User-interface development Programming Verification and validation Maintenance and reverse engineering Configuration management Project management
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Environments
An environment is a collection of CASE tools and workbenches that supports the software process. CASE environments are classified based on the focus/basis of integration
Toolkits Language-centered Integrated Fourth generation Process-centered
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Environments

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In conclusion
Information Engineering (IE) applies structured techniques to the enterprise as a whole, or to a segment of the enterprise, rather than on a project-byproject basis. It aims to build applications rapidly within a highly automated framework, which enables the applications to work together.

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In conclusion
It analyses the needs and strategic opportunities of top management, and uses these to drive the expenditure on information systems. It uses CASE tools to integrate top-level planning with the analysis, design and generation of systems, and enables these systems to evolve to high levels of automation.

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Q&A

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