Technical Aspects of SDR

JUNAID IQBAL 08TL27

Technical aspects of SDR

Introduction to SDR

What is SDR?

What is SDR?
Software- Dened Radio Signal manipulation (e.g. modulation, demodulation, ltering)

performed in software
A digital signal processor (DSP) replaces analogue hardware of

traditional radios

Technical aspects of SDR

Where can we use SDR ?

y

Base stations
Weak constraints on power and area Support several hundred subscribers Will be commercialized first

Wireless terminals
Tight constraints on power and area. Will be commercialized next

A Typical SDR

Block diagram

Block diagram of a typical SDR

Receiver Transmitter

BPF

BPF

LPF

ADC

DSP

DAC

LPF

Analogue Front-End

Analogue Front-End

Technical aspects of SDR

A Typical SDR

The digital processor

The digital processor and its software

Signal processing (modulation, demodulation, etc.) is performed

inside the digital processor Variety of suitable devices:

DPSs Digital Signal Processor ICs. Highly specialised number-crunchers Low power consumption Excellent SDRs, especially for mobile applications General-purpose microprocessors e.g. a personal computer (PC) Very exible Radio functionality can share resources with other applications Very cost-effective for static installations, e.g. cellphone base stations FPGAs Recongurable at the digital logic level Can be used to create custom digital processors for SDR Extremely high processing speeds possible Less exible than DSPs or Ps
Technical aspects of SDR

A Typical SDR

Signal theory and DSP software

Signal theory and DSP software

Modulation is performed using software techniques such as

direct-digital synthesis.
Demodulation is done using software techniques such as digital

ltering, digital phase-locked loops and coherent demodulation.

One part of SDR software design is concerned with signal

processing algorithms Another part of SDR software design involves architectural considerations:
scheduling reusability data ow

Technical aspects of SDR

A Typical SDR

Signal conversion

Signal conversion

In any SDR, digital-to-analogue or analogue-to-digital conversion

is required at some point

Signal conversion must be higher than twice the highest frequency

in the signal [Nyquists Theorem]

High-resolution converters only available up to a few hundred MHz

sampling rate
Signal quality often deteriorates at high sampling rates Advantageous to let software work at low IF, and perform signal

translation in hardware
SDRs signal translation hardware: RF front-end

Technical aspects of SDR

Introduction to SDR

The advantages of SDR

The advantages of SDR

Highly recongurable Software upgrades of commercial radios Generic hardware can be used for a variety of applications Software prototyping faster and cheaper than hardware

prototyping
Mathematically sophisticated signal processing techniques can be

performed in the digital domain (software)

Libraries of software radio components are easily created and

shared
Digital manipulation of signals is ideal, unencumbered by the

non-linearities that plague hardware

Technical aspects of SDR io

Benefits of SDR
 Manufactures
         Grouping of H/W platform sets Cost reduction Ability to S/W improvements New services Services upgrades on existing systems Flexible coverage / Dynamic Frequency Allocation Services personalization Improve roaming Reduction of CPE Obsolescence

 Operators

 Customers

Conclusions

Conclusions

SDR means: Recongurable radios More generic hardware Reduced rate of hardware obsolescence Lower cost of entry to radio development Excellent tool for the experimenter
Technical aspects of SDR

Simple transition between computer simulation and

implementation
Becoming increasingly popular in industry A technology to watch!

Software-Dened Radio

Conclusions

Thank You