ANIMATION

CREATED BY: ANDREA DCUNHA 7479

WHAT IS ANIMATION?
The word Animation is generated from word 'anime' which means life. Animation is the rapid display of a sequence of images of 2-D or 3-D artwork or model positions in order to create an illusion of movement

EARLY EXAMPLES OF ANIMATION

The Persian bowl showing phases of a goat leaping up to nip at a tree

The Egyptian Mural, approximately 4000 years old, shows wrestlers in action.

Many of the early inventions designed to animate images were meant as novelties for private amusement of children or small parties.
zoetrope

Animation devices which fall into this category include the zoetrope, magic lantern, praxinoscope, thaumatrope, phenakistoscope, and flip book
Flip Book

Traditional Cel Animation / Hand Drawn Animation (20th Century)

Photos of the drawings were first drawn on paper. Each drawing differs slightly from the other to create an illusion of movement. The drawings are traced or photocopied onto transparent acetate sheets called cels. The cels were then filled in with paints in assigned colors or tones on the side opposite the line drawings. The completed character cels are photographed one-by-one onto motion picture film against a painted background by a rostrum camera.

Beginning of 21st Century

The animators' drawings and the backgrounds are either scanned into or drawn directly into a computer system. Various software programs are used to color the drawings and simulate camera movement and effects The final animated piece is output to one of several delivery media, including traditional 35mm film and newer media such as digital video

Examples of traditionally animated feature films

COMPUTER ANIMATION

Computer animation encompasses a variety of techniques, the unifying factor being that the animation is created digitally on a computer.

2D ANIMATION
2D animation figures are created and/or edited on the computer using 2D bitmap graphics or created and edited using 2D Vector graphics.

This includes automated computerized versions of traditional animation techniques such as of tweening, morphing, onion skinning and interpolated rotoscoping.

3D ANIMATION
Digitally modeled and manipulated by an animator. To manipulate a mesh, it is given a digital skeletal structure that can be used to control the mesh. (rigging) Other techniques can be applied such as mathematical functions, simulated fur or hair, fire/water effect and the use of Motion Capture. Many 3D animations are very believable and are commonly used as Visual Effects for recent movies.

Beowulf, Polar Express and Avatar are recent examples of 3D Animation

2D ANIMATION techniques tend to focus on image manipulation. 3D TECHNIQUES usually build virtual worlds in which characters and objects move and interact. 3D animation can create images that seem real to the viewer.

ANIMATION INDUSTRY
The rapid advancement of technology has made computer animation available to the masses and the animation industry is one of the fastest growing industries. The demand for animated entertainment has expanded with the increase in broadcasting hours by cable and satellite TV along with the growing popularity of the Internet. Animated series/films can now be enjoyed not only by kids but the family on the whole.

ANDREA DCUNHA 7479