Bamboo Charcoal Production Technology

Zhejiang Forestry University Prof. Zhang Wenbiao

JULY. 2008

How bamboo charcoal come into being

 Raw bamboo

 Without air or with little air  Dry, pre-carbonize, carbonize, calcine and
cool in kiln

 Duration is around 20 days

Raw material selection

and culm section. 4-year-old bamboo which is growing in ordinary site is recommended.

Density: Closely related to bamboo species, age, site

Moisture content: Closely related to bamboo age, culm

section or harvest season. 6-year-old bamboo is the best concerning MC.

Site: depending on the heavy metal in the soil which is

related to fertilizer management. In all, we should select 4-year-old bamboo growing in ordinary site with low MC.

Technique procedure
Cutting into sections or strips Naturally or manually dry

Material preparation

Put into kiln

Seal kiln and heat

After 4 procedures

Cooling

Take out of the kiln

Collect vinegar

Processed into certain

specification

Five periods Name

Drying

Temperature Room temperature ~150 150~275

Main characteristics
Decalescence reaction, moisture evaporation, basically no changes in chemical components Decalescence reaction, instable contents decomposes, chemical components begin to change

Outputs Water

Precarbonization

CO2 CO acetic acid, etc.

Carbonization

275~450

exothermic reaction, the Large amount chemical components of liquids and decompose dramatically, the gases charcoal begins to take place Decalescence reaction , fixed carbon content increases exothermic reaction , the inner structure of charcoal changes

Calcine

450~500

Liquids and gases reduce

Producing of liquids and gases stop

Cooling

High~60

Raw material

Cutting into sections

Processed into strips

1 Pyrolysis facilities
Brick kiln (vertical and horizontal

Improved brick kiln (temperature monitoring system )

Distillation pyrogenic decomposition facilities (vertical and horizontal) Successional vertical kiln

Single brick kiln

Brick kiln

Group brick kiln

Carbonizing

Calcining

Cooling

Japanese kiln

Japanese kiln

Horizontal kiln

Vertical distillation

Metal cylinders

Horizontal distillation

Running bed kiln

1,2 Heating room 3,4-Pre-heating room 5,6Carbonizer 7Cooling system 8-Water pool
Successional modern kiln machinery and facilities

Carbonization Vinegar collection facility Cooling facility

Hanging cooling facility

Hanging Putting

2. Machine-made Charcoal
Machine-made charcoal include wood charcoal, bamboo charcoal, wood and bamboo mixed charcoal and other plant charcoal, or namely stick charcoal and barbeque charcoal. By using the waste of wood and bamboo as the raw material, machine-made charcoal is processed by the procedure of crushing, drying, shaping and carbonizing etc.

Production procedure

Raw material

Crushing

Drying

Shaping

Carboni zing

Storing

Packing

Examini ng

Selection

Bamboo powder drying

Powder crushing facility

Semi-product of machine-made charcoal

Carbonization facility